Between January and June 2025, OHCHR documented 154 civilian deaths in the context of the conflict in South Kordofan.922 Between 16 November 2024 and 15 November 2025, the organisation documented 1 253 civilian casualties in the whole Kordofan region.923 Between March 2025 and April 2026, AOAV recorded 910 casualties resulting from explosive weapons use in South Kordofan,924 with between zero and ten casualties between March and September 2025, and then a steep increase with peaks in December 2025 (342 deaths and injuries)925, in January 2026 (127 deaths and injuries)926 and in March 2026 (184 deaths and injuries).927
Among the most significant security incidents affecting civilians were air and drone strikes hitting civilian targets,928 many of them in Kadugli and Dilling.929 The WHO reported more than 100 fatalities following a suspected RSF drone attack on a kindergarten and hospital in Kalogi.930 In May 2026, the Sudan Doctors Network reported the killing of more than 60 people in Kaoda within two weeks of tribal clashes between forces allied with the SPLM-N-Al-Hilu and members of the Otoro tribe.931 In August 2026, renewed clashes between the same two groups reportedly killed another 27 people.932 Throughout the reference period, sources reported that the precarious security situation in and around the cities Kadugli and Dilling resulted in supply routes being cut off,933 leading in turn to severe food shortages934 and risk of famine.935 ACLED observed that the security incidents it recorded in South Kordofan between 1 March 2025 and 31 August 2026, caused an estimated 2 511 fatalities.936
Figure 21: Fatalities as a result of armed conflict in South Kordofan, 1 March 2025 – 31 August 2026, based on ACLED data937
- 922
OHCHR, Human Rights Situation in the Sudan (1 January to 30 June 2025), 19 September 2025, url, p. 17
- 923
UN Human Rights Council, Situation of human rights in the Sudan – Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, A/HRC/61/24, 13 January 2026, url, para. 1, 9
- 924
EUAA analysis based on AOAV data. AOAV, Explosive Violence Monthly Reports, as of 31 August 2026, url
- 925
AOAV, Explosive Violence in December 2025, 10 January 2026, url
- 926
AOAV, Explosive Violence in January 2026, 10 February 2026, url
- 927
AOAV, Explosive Violence in March 2026, 10 April 2026, url
- 928
BBC News, Deadly attack on kindergarten reported in Sudan, 6 December 2025, url
- 929
Al Jazeera, As Sudanese city returns to life after two-year siege, drone threat lingers, 15 February 2026, url; Sudan Tribune, One killed in drone attack on Kadugli hospital, 4 February 2026, url; Sudan Tribune, Drone strike kills two in Sudan’s Dilling, medical group says, 25 January 2026, url; Ayin Network, South Kordofan: Civilians are the target of fighting in Kadugli and Dilling, 6 November 2025, url
- 930
BBC News, More than 100 people killed in attack on hospital in Sudan, WHO chief says, 8 December 2025, url
- 931
Sudan Doctors Network, [Facebook], posted on: 13 May 2026, url
- 932
New Arab (The), Sudanese medical group accuses rebel group of killing 27 people, 26 August 2026, url
- 933
WFP, Sudan Country Brief April 2026, 28 May 2026, url, p. 2; NRC, What it takes to eat: Conflict and Sudan’s fragile food system, updated 14 April 2026, url, pp. 13-14; NRC, Sudan: Countdown to catastrophe in Kordofan, as world once again looks away, 2 February 2026, url; Ayin Network, South Kordofan: Thousands face starvation in Kadugli and Dilling with access routes cut off, 17 August 2025, url
- 934
Ayin Network et al., Sudan Conflict Monitor # 22, 21 August 2025, url, p. 11
- 935
FEWS NET, Sudan - Food Security Outlook April – September 2026, 11 May 2026, url, p. 1; FEWS NET, Sudan - Food Security Outlook January – May 2026, 5 February 2026, url, pp. 1-2; FEWS NET, Sudan - Food Security Outlook October 2025 - May 2026, 14 January 2026, url, pp. 1, 3; Ayin Network, South Kordofan: Thousands face starvation in Kadugli and Dilling with access routes cut off, 17 August 2025, url
- 936
EUAA analysis based on ACLED data. ACLED, Curated Data Files, Africa, data covering 1 March 2025 to 31 August 2026, as of 8 September 2026, url
- 937
EUAA analysis based on ACLED data. ACLED, Curated Data Files, Africa, data covering 1 March 2025 to 31 August 2026, as of 8 September 2026, url