In October 2025, the SNHR recorded 13 civilian fatalities in Aleppo governorate attributed to the controlling forces or other parties to the conflict (two attributed to the SDF, one to the government forces and ten to other parties), the highest of all governorates, accounting for around 20 % of the total number (66) recorded in Syria.489 In November 2025, SNHR recorded 5 civilian fatalities (all of which were attributed to other parties),490 and 9 in December (four attributed to the SDF, one to government forces and four to other parties).491 For the period between beginning of January and end of March 2026, SNHR recorded 75 civilian fatalities in Aleppo governorate492 (30 in January, 27 in February and 18 in March),493 with 32 attributed to the SDF, five to government forces, two to ISIL and 36 to other parties. In the first quarter of 2026, the governorate was once again the one with the most fatalities, accounting for 28 % of the total number (268).494 In April, SNHR recorded one fatality and three in May, attributed to ‘other parties’ and remnants of the Assad government.495 An analysis of the period since the fall of Bashar al-Assad suggests a stark decrease of the civilian death toll in the governorate between December 2024 and August 2025, followed by a slow but steady increase of the number of civilian fatalities between August 2025 and end of March 2026.496
Figure 7: Evolution of civilian fatalities in Aleppo per month, based on SNHR data497
- 489
SNHR, The Death of 66 Civilians Including Nine Children and Seven Women, and Three Deaths due to Torture Recorded in October 2025, 1 November 2025, url, p. 3
- 490
SNHR, The Death of 73 Civilians Including 12 Children and Six Women, and Two Deaths due to Torture Recorded in November 2025, 1 December 2025, url, p. 3
- 491
SNHR, The Death of 3666 Individuals Including 328 Children and 312 Women, and 32 Deaths due to Torture Recorded in the year 2025 in Syria, 1 January 2026, url, p. 9
- 492
SNHR, The Killing of 268 Civilians in the First Quarter of 2026 in Syria, including 43 Children, 27 Women, and 1 person due to torture was Documented, 1 April 2026, url, pp. 4-5
- 493
SNHR, data covering from 1 October 2025 to 31 May 2026 provided by courtesy of SNHR in an email, 1 June 2026
- 494
SNHR, The Killing of 268 Civilians in the First Quarter of 2026 in Syria, including 43 Children, 27 Women, and 1 person due to torture was Documented, 1 April 2026, url, pp. 4-5
- 495
SNHR, data covering from 1 October 2025 to 31 May 2026 provided by courtesy of SNHR in an email, 1 June 2026
- 496
SNHR, The Killing of 268 Civilians in the First Quarter of 2026 in Syria, including 43 Children, 27 Women, and 1 person due to torture was Documented, 1 April 2026, url, pp. 4-5; SNHR, The Death of 3666 Individuals Including 328 Children and 312 Women, and 32 Deaths due to Torture Recorded in the year 2025 in Syria, 1 January 2026, url, p. 9; SNHR, The Death of 73 Civilians Including 12 Children and Six Women, and Two Deaths due to Torture Recorded in November 2025, 1 December 2025, url, p. 3;
SNHR, The Death of 66 Civilians Including Nine Children and Seven Women, and Three Deaths due to Torture Recorded in October 2025, 1 November 2025, url, p. 3; EUAA, Syria – Major human rights, security, and socio-economic developments [Q33-2025], 1 October 2025, url, p. 24; EUAA, Syria – Country Focus, July 2025, url, pp. 98-99, 108
- 497
SNHR, data covering from 1 October 2025 to 31 May 2026 provided by courtesy of SNHR in an email, 1 June 2026; EUAA, Syria – Major human rights, security, and socio-economic developments [Q33-2025], 1 October 2025, url, p. 24; EUAA, Syria – Country Focus, July 2025, url, pp. 98-99, 108