Rural Damascus was among the three most damaged governorates as of October 2025.1100 As of December 2025, 19 % of housing was completely damaged.1101 Destroyed suburban areas include Darayya,1102 East1103 and West Ghouta, Muaddamiya and Hajar Al-Aswad.1104 70 % of Harasta were destroyed, and ERW remained a major security threat.1105 ERW-contaminated areas and limited contamination mapping were a security risk.1106 As of January 2026, 68 % of key informants in an IOM assessment monitoring return movements and conditions for reintegration1107 reported that no demining activities were ongoing in locations where mines were present.1108 Children were reportedly killed and injured by ERW, e.g. in the Qalamoun Mountains,1109 Harasta,1110 Al-Habariyah,1111 and Kanaker1112 between December 2025 and April 2026.
- 1100
World Bank, Syria’s Post-Conflict Reconstruction Costs Estimated at 6 billion, 21 October 2025, url
- 1101
UNHCR et al., Syria Nationwide Housing Damage Assessment (October-November-December 2025), 23 January 2026, url, p. 7
- 1102
Netherlands, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, General Country of Origin Information Report on Syria, 30 January 2026, url, p. 41; Qantara, "Debris isn't waste", 29 October 2025, url
- 1103
Karlin, M., Seizing the opening in Syria and Lebanon, Brookings Institution, 7 November 2025, url; Qantara, "Debris isn't waste", 29 October 2025, url
- 1104
Qantara, "Debris isn't waste", 29 October 2025, url
- 1105
Die Zeit, Nichts als Staub, Schrott und Ruinen [Nothing but dust, scrap, and ruins], 15 November 2025, url
- 1106
Protection Sector Syria, Syria Protection Sector Update #3 - Sweida Situation, 19 September 2025, url, pp. 1-2; Mine Action AoR, Syria, 2025 – A Year in Review, Situation Update No.6, 8 December 2025, url, pp. 2-3
- 1107
Data was collected between 1 January and 4 February 2026, including through a network 11 343 key informants in all 14 governorates. IOM, Syrian Arab Republic, Communities of Return Index, January 2026 – Round 4, 2 April 2026, url, p. 20
- 1108
IOM, Syrian Arab Republic, Communities of Return Index, January 2026 – Round 4, 2 April 2026, url, p. 7
- 1109
AA, Landmine blast kills 2 children in Damascus countryside, 18 April 2026, url
- 1110
Mine Action AoR, Syria, Situation Update No.7, December 2025 - March 2026, 16 March 2026, url, p. 5
- 1111
Lister, C., Syria Weekly: October 28 - November 11, Syria Weekly, 11 November 2025, url
- 1112
Lister, C., Syria Weekly: November 11-18, 2025, Syria Weekly, 18 November 2025, url