Home Pakistan: Country Focus Map Table of contents Table of Contents Acknowledgements Disclaimer Glossary and abbreviations Introduction Methodology Defining the terms of reference Collecting information Research challenges Quality control Sources Sources on security incidents and civilian casualties Structure and use of the report Map 1. Country overview 1.1. Geography 1.2. Demographics 1.3. State structure 2. Background and political developments 2.1. Recent political developments 2.1.1. Landscape of political parties in Pakistan 2.2. Regional context 2.2.1. Relations with Afghanistan 2.2.2. Relations with India 2.2.3. Relations with Iran 3. Main armed actors 3.1. State Actors 3.1.1. Pakistan Army 3.1.2. Federal Investigative Agency (FIA) 3.1.3. Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) 3.1.4. Frontier Corps (FC) 3.1.5. Levies and Khasadars 3.1.6. Pakistan Rangers 3.1.7. Pakistani police 3.1.8. Pro-government armed militias 3.1.9. Authorities’ surveillance capabilities, including online 3.2. Main non-state armed groups 3.2.1. Tehreek-e Taliban Pakistan (TTP) 3.2.2. Lashkar-e Taiba (LeT) 3.2.3. Jamaat-ul Ahrar (JuA) 3.2.4. Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS) 3.2.5. Jamaat-ul Ansar Al-Sharia 3.2.6. Punjabi Taliban 3.2.7. Islamic State Khorasan Province (ISKP) and Islamic State Pakistan Province (ISPP) 3.2.8. Haqqani Network 3.2.9. Hafiz Gul Bahadur (HGB) 3.2.10. Sipah-e Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) 3.2.11. Lashkar-e Jhangvi (LeJ) 3.2.12. Sipah-e Mohammed Pakistan (SMP) 3.2.13. Balochistan nationalist groups 3.2.14. Other local/small militia groups 3.3. Main geographical control and operational presence of armed groups 3.4. Forced recruitment including by TTP 3.5. Groups designated as terrorist organisations 4. Security situation 4.1. General description of the security situation 4.1.1. Surge in militant violence since November 2024 4.1.2. Border security 4.2. Security situation per province 4.2.1. Balochistan 4.2.2. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) 4.2.3. Punjab 4.2.4. Sindh 4.2.5. Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) 4.2.6. Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) 5. Structure and functioning of the judiciary 5.1. Formal and informal systems 5.2. Major judicial and constitutional reforms 5.3. Applicable laws (including Sharia) 5.4. Blasphemy law 5.5. Anti-Terrorism Acts 5.6. Punishments under the law 5.7. Detention, including conditions and use of torture 5.8. Death penalty 5.9. Effectiveness and integrity of the judiciary 5.10. Legal remedies against human rights violations and support mechanisms for the victims and family members 6. Treatment of certain profiles and groups of population 6.1. Overview of human rights situation 6.1.1. Ethnic minorities 6.1.2. Religious minorities 6.1.3. Individuals perceived as transgressing religious and moral codes 6.1.4. Women and girls 6.1.5. Children 6.1.6. LGBTIQ+ persons 6.1.7. Critical voices and individuals perceived as opposing the state 6.1.8. Education personnel 6.1.9. Trafficking in Human Beings (THB) 6.1.10. Land dispute and blood feud related violence 7. Overview of the socio-economic situation including climate induced displacement 7.1. Key socio-economic indicators with focus on Islamabad 7.1.1. Economic situation 7.1.2. Employment (formal and informal) 7.1.3. Poverty 7.1.4. Food security 7.1.5. Housing and living conditions 7.1.6. Education 7.1.7. Healthcare 7.1.8. Availability of state support mechanism for individuals without social network 7.1.9. Mobility and internal travel 7.1.10. Access to airports and freedom of movement 7.2. Key-socio economic indicators with focus on Karachi 7.2.1. Economic situation 7.2.2. Employment (formal and informal) 7.2.3. Poverty 7.2.4. Food security 7.2.5. Housing and living conditions 7.2.6. Education 7.2.7. Healthcare 7.2.8. Availability of state support mechanism for individuals without social network 7.2.9. Mobility and internal travel 7.2.10. Access to airports and freedom of movement 7.3. Key socio-economic indicators with focus on Lahore 7.3.1. Economic situation 7.3.2. Employment (formal and informal) 7.3.3. Poverty 7.3.4. Food security 7.3.5. Housing and living conditions 7.3.6. Education 7.3.7. Healthcare 7.3.8. Availability of state support mechanism for individuals without social network 7.3.9. Mobility and internal travel 7.3.10. Access to airports and freedom of movement Annex 1: Bibliography Oral sources, including anonymous sources Public Sources Annex 2: Terms of Reference Print Map 1: Pakistan: Location map (2025)19 19 UNOCHA, © United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 18 July 2025, url Book traversal links for Pakistan: Country Focus Previous Parent Next
