4.5.2. Water and sanitation

More than 12 million people in Syria have limited access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services. Access to water is a major challenge due to widespread damage to infrastructure, power shortages, climate change impacts, and limited service capacity, leaving over 30 % of households without improved water sources. In 2025, reduced rainfall and drought-like conditions further worsened the situation, reducing key water resources such as the Euphrates River, groundwater and springs by 30–50 %.1011