COMMON ANALYSIS
Last update: October 2026
The analysis below is based on the following EUAA COI products: Country Focus 2026, 2.2.1., 3.1.3., 3.1.4., 3.1.7., 4.2.1., 4.2.2.; Country Guidance should not be referred to as a source of COI.
Violations of international humanitarian law by different parties to the non-international armed conflicts in Pakistan, including Pakistani state authorities or state-supported militias and Islamist and insurgent groups, could amount to war crimes. Examples include indiscriminate attacks impacting the civilian population during military operations.
Terrorist and insurgent groups have also carried out attacks on public places, including schools and places of worship; targeted attacks against humanitarian aid convoys have also been reported.
The commission of excludable acts may also have occurred in connection with the armed conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan, including attacks on non-military targets and the use by Pakistani armed forces of weapons with indiscriminate effects.
Other reported crimes such as killing, torture, and enforced disappearance by the different actors could amount to crimes against humanity when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population.
Some acts in the current conflicts, such as extrajudicial killings, torture, and forced disappearance, could amount to both war crimes and crimes against humanity.