Legal basis
The EUAA Asylum Report: Annual Report on the Situation of Asylum in the European Union is produced in accordance with the EUAA Regulation, Articles 69, 16(4), 20(7), 35(6), 50(5b) and 51(10).
The production process follows the methodology and basic principles agreed by the Agency’s Management Board in 2013. A draft of the report is disseminated to the Management Board for their comments prior to its formal adoption and public launch.
Qualitative information
Primary factual information presented in the report is collected by the EUAA throughout the year in the framework of its the information management activities organised around the EUAA Information and Documentation System (IDS). This involves desk research on developments related to each step of the asylum procedure and the validation of the information by representatives of national authorities.
The European Commission was consulted during the drafting process. In accordance with its role under the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, Article 35, which is reflected in EU Treaties and the asylum acquis instruments, UNHCR was also consulted during the drafting process, and public information produced by its experts were included in the report.
An open call for contributions was launched to members of the Agency’s Consultative Forum and other civil society organisations to share relevant publications and information on their work which is relevant to the functioning of CEAS.
The Asylum Report covers the period 1 January to 31 December but also refers to relevant developments in the year of writing.
Quantitative information
Quantitative information is gathered through the EUAA’s (EPS) data exchange, which comprises data collected from EU+ countries on a monthly basis (Iceland and Liechtenstein do not presently take part in the EPS data exchange). The data are submitted by ministries and national administrations, in the framework of the EUAA Regulation, Articles 5 and 6.
The data shared with the EUAA by EU+ countries are provisional and unvalidated, and therefore may differ from validated data submitted at a later date to Eurostat, according to Regulation (EU) 2020/851 amending Regulation (EC) 862/2007.
The EPS data published in this report were extracted on 3 February 2025 and may have been subsequently updated.
Editions prior to 2024 of this report are primarily based on data collected by Eurostat in the context of Regulation (EU) 2020/851 amending Regulation (EC) 862/2007. As such, the figures presented in the reports pre- and post-2024 are not fully comparable.
Accompanying products to the Asylum Report 2025
The Asylum Report is accompanied by various, user-friendly tools which can be used to filter information which is presented in the report.
The Executive Summary of the report is translated into all EU+ languages, in addition to Arabic, Turkish and Western Balkan languages. A storytelling feature on the EUAA website presents a short summary of the key topics addressed in the main report.
The National Asylum Developments Database presents the legislative, institutional and policy developments which are described in the report. Updates can be searched by country, topic, year and type of development. The information is also summarised and presented in a table by country and by thematic area in a PDF document.
The report presents a selection of jurisprudential developments based on the EUAA Case Law Database. The hyperlinks within the text will bring readers to the specific case in the database.
The sources used for the production of the Asylum Report are presented in the list of references at the end of the report. They are also available in a separate, detailed Sources on Asylum 2025, grouped by type of source.