Home COI Report - Syria: Country Focus 1. State structure and governance Table of Contents Acknowledgements Disclaimer Glossary and abbreviations Introduction Methodology Defining the terms of reference Collecting information Quality control Sources Maps 1. State structure and governance 1.1. Separation of powers and government formation 1.2. Judiciary 1.3. Security institutions 1.3.1. Military reforms 1.3.2. Integration of armed groups 1.4. Reforms affecting public sector employees 1.5. Implementation of Islamic rules 1.6. International sanctions 2. Treatment of certain profiles and groups of the population 2.1. Individuals perceived to have supported the former government 2.1.1. Targeting by the interim government 2.1.2. Targeting by non-state armed groups and unidentified actors 2.2. Individuals opposing or perceived to be opposing the interim government 2.3. Individuals opposing or perceived to be opposing non-state armed actors 2.4. Ethno-religious minorities 2.4.1. Kurds 2.4.2. Alawites 2.4.3. Ismailis 2.4.4. Druze 2.4.5. Christians 2.4.6. Dom 2.4.7. Palestinians 2.5. LGBTIQ persons 2.6. Children 2.7. Women 3. Socio-economic situation with a focus on Damascus city 3.1. Economic situation overview 3.2. Humanitarian situation and assistance 3.3. Employment 3.4. Poverty 3.5. Food security 3.6. Housing, water, and sanitation 3.7. Health care 3.8. Education 3.9. Mobility and admittance 3.9.1. Freedom of movement and road security 3.9.2. International flight connections 3.9.3. Administrative requirements for settling in Damascus 4. Returnees from abroad 4.1. Administrative requirements 4.2. Return trends 5. Security situation 5.1. Armed actors 5.1.1. Syrian Democratic Forces 5.1.2. Assad-aligned militias 5.1.3. ISIL 5.2. International involvement 5.2.1. Türkiye 5.2.2. Israel 5.2.3. US-led coalition 5.2.4. Russia 5.3. Recent security trends 5.4. Security incidents 5.5. Civilian fatalities 5.6. Displacement and return 5.7. Conflict-related infrastructure damage and explosive remnants of war 5.8. Security situation and conflict impact on civilians by governorate 5.8.1. Aleppo governorate 5.8.2. Idlib governorate 5.8.3. Hama governorate 5.8.4. Latakia governorate 5.8.5. Tartous governorate 5.8.6. Homs governorate 5.8.7. Hasaka governorate 5.8.8. Raqqa governorate 5.8.9. Deir Ez-Zor governorate 5.8.10. Damascus governorate 5.8.11. Rural Damascus governorate 5.8.12. Dar’a governorate 5.8.13. Sweida governorate 5.8.14. Quneitra governorate Annex 1: Bibliography Annex 2: Terms of Reference Citation Please cite as: EUAA, '1. State structure and governance' in COI Report - Syria: Country Focus, July 2025. Copy Share Print 1.1. Separation of powers and government formation 1.2. Judiciary 1.3. Security institutions 1.4. Reforms affecting public sector employees 1.5. Implementation of Islamic rules 1.6. International sanctions Book traversal links for 1. State structure and governance Previous Parent Next
