List of abbreviations and glossary

Table of contents

 

A • C • D • E • F • H • I • J • L • M • N • P • Q • S • T • U • X • Z

 

A

 

4.5 power-sharing formula

 

 

A power-sharing formula under which key positions in the state and parliamentary seats are allocated on a proportional basis across the 4 major clans and 0.5 to minorities 

 
ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution
AFRICOM United States Africa Command
AMISOM Africom Union Mission in Somalia
Amniyat The intelligence of Al-Shabaab
ASWJ Ahiu Sunna Wal-Jama'ah
ATMIS African Transitional Mission in Somalia

 

C

CJEU Court of Justice of the European Union
CEAS Common European Asylum System
COI Country of Origin Information

 

D

Darwish State level: armed forces/militias/paramilitary/special police
•    Darwish (Federal Police): Paramilitary unit of the Somali
•    Police Force distinct from the state level unofficial Darwish
 
Diya Payment of compensation (see also mag)

 

E

ERRs Emergency Response Rooms
EUAA European Union Agency for Asylum
EU European Union

 

F

FGM/C Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
FGS Federal Government of Somalia

 

H

Hudud Crimes that are ‘against the rights of God’ under Islamic religious law (plural of haad)

 

I

ID Identification documentation
IDPs Internally Displaced Person(s)
IED Improvised explosive device
IPA Internal protection alternative
ISS Islamic State in Somalia

 

J

Jaish al-hisba or Hisbah Armed force that Al-Shabaab uses as both police and a morality enforcement force 
Jilib The group below which the community assumes the payment of 'the blood price'

L

LGBTIQ

LGBTIQ people are persons:

•    who are attracted to others of their own gender (lesbian, gay) or any gender (bisexual);
•    whose gender identity and/or expression does not correspond to the sex they were assigned at birth (trans, non-binary);
•    who are born with sex characteristics that do not fit the typical definition of male or female (intersex); and
•    whose identity does not fit into a binary classification of sexuality and/or gender (queer).

 

M

Ma’awiisley A local clan militia, also referred to as Macawiisley, Macawiisleey, Macawisley, named after the sarong, a common piece of clothing
Mag Payment of compensation (see also diya)
Mooryaan Somali for bandits
Mukhtar Local community leader

 

N

NIS National Intelligence Service  
NISA National Intelligence and Security Agency  
NGO Non-Governmental Organisation  

 

P

PMPF Puntland Maritime Police Force   
PSF Puntland Security Force  

 

Q

QD 
(Qualification Directive)		 Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted.
QR 
(Qualification Regulation)		 Regulation (EU) 2024/1347 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 May 2024 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection and for the content of the protection granted, amending Council Directive 2003/109/EC and repealing Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.

S

Sharia The religious law of Islam, Islamic canonical law
SNA Somalia National Army
SPF Somalia Police Force

U

UN United Nations
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund
UNOCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
UNSG United Nations Secretary General 
US United States of America

X

Xeer Customary (clan) law 

Z

Zakat The annual religious obligation to pay a specific percentage of a person’s wealth to the poor