Structure and use of the report

Structure and use of the report

This report is intended to capture a general overview of the main issues relevant to international protection in the assessment of claims from Colombia. The report is structured to facilitate the consideration and logical assessment of claims for international protection, providing a general introduction to the country, followed by key issues of importance on the conflict, civilian impacts, state protection, and humanitarian issues:

• Chapter 1: provides a brief overview of recent developments in 2023-2025 summarising and introducing the main findings of the report.

• Chapter 2: provides an overview of the legal and political situation, including demographics and migration profile, system of government, political developments, and international legal instruments that Colombia has ratified.

• Chapter 3: provides an update on the security situation in Colombia, including conflict dynamics and main areas of dispute, main armed and criminal group groups, and current peace initiatives, including the status of the 2016 Peace Agreement and initiatives undertaken in the framework of President Petro’s Total Peace, an ambitious project to bring an end to Colombia’s six-decade civil conflict.

• Chapter 4: concerns the impact of the violence on civilians and on the human rights dimension. The main issues such as civilian deaths, homicides, extortion, explosive violence, displacement and confinement forced recruitment and other issues are covered, as well as general human rights issues such as prison conditions.

• Chapter 5: provides information on the main institutions of the state responsible for justice, human rights, and responses to crime, including the main mechanisms available for those victimised by armed and illegal groups.

• Maps