COMMON ANALYSIS
Last update: June 2025
The analysis below is based on the following EUAA COI reports and query: Country Focus 2024, 2.5.; Country Focus 2025, 2.6. (c)(d)(e), 2.7. (c)(d), 2.8.. Country Guidance should not be referred to as a source of COI.
Other than the armed groups mentioned above, a range of other armed actors may also be involved in criminal activities and the actor may not always be identifiable. Often, criminality may involve militias or criminal gangs.
Other non-armed actors of persecution or serious harm may include family members (e.g. in the case of 3.9.1. Violence against women and girls, 3.9.2. Forced and child marriage, 3.9.3. Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C)) and society at large (e.g. in the case of violence towards 3.11. Persons with diverse SOGIESC).
For further information on human rights violations committed by different state and non-state actors and their relevance as potential exclusion grounds, see 7. Exclusion.