COMMON ANALYSIS | Last update: December 2025
The analysis below is based on the following EUAA COI reports: COI Update, 4.; Country Focus July 2025, 5.1., 5.2.; Country Focus March 2025, 3., 4.; Country Guidance should not be referred to as a source of COI.
Syria is currently affected by multiple overlapping conflicts, in the meaning of Article 15(c) QD/QR:
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Syria continued to be involved in an international armed conflict with the US-led coalition against ISIL, due to the coalition's military intervention in the country without the consent of the Transitional Government.
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Syria continued to be involved in an international armed conflict with Israel as well, which has intensified air strikes on numerous targets in the country and which, beyond the parts of Syrian territory which it already had occupied, seized control of the demilitarised buffer zone between the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights and Syria and conducted ground incursions on southern Syrian territory beyond the buffer zone.
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Syria continued to be involved in several internal armed conflicts with various armed groups which contest the authority of the Transitional Government, most notably pro-Assad remnants and ISIL.
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At least up until March 2025, Türkiye has been engaged in an internal armed conflict in Syria with Kurdish forces and with ISIL and controls parts of northern Syria with the help of Turkish-backed armed groups.
- Internal armed conflicts on Syrian territory further included ongoing fighting among various non-State armed groups, notably between pro-Assad remnants and armed groups affiliated to the Transitional Government, as well as between the SNA and SDF/Kurdish forces.
These conflicts affect different areas in Syria at different degrees. See more under 5.3.3. Indiscriminate violence.