2.1.2. Conflict dynamics and tactics
… conducted waves of infantry assaults accompanied by airstrikes and heavy artillery fire. 617 The SAF’s attacks were supported by the Egyptian Air Force which helped the army to retake key strategic locations and disrupt RSF supply routes. 618 In late November 2024, …
Major developments in asylum in the European Union in 2025
… the safe third country concept and adopted the first EU-wide list of safe countries of origin, including Bangladesh, Colombia, Egypt, India, Kosovo [1] , Morocco and Tunisia. To complement the legislative framework of the Pact, in March 2025 the European …
Major developments in asylum in the European Union in 2025
… the safe third country concept and adopted the first EU-wide list of safe countries of origin, including Bangladesh, Colombia, Egypt, India, Kosovo [1] , Morocco and Tunisia. The EU accession candidate countries are included in the EU list, provided that the …
2.2.4. Social support networks, including for specific groups
… 20 households (some 120 individuals) were evicted from three IDP sites in Hargeisa. 1090 Besides, some Somali returnees from Sudan, Egypt, and Libya were received in Hargeisa in January 2024 via the UNHCR-IOM's voluntary repatriation program. 1091 Book traversal …
Legal safeguards for children and applicants with special needs
… were either Syrians (10,000 applications) or Afghans (4,500). Record numbers of applications were lodged by unaccompanied minors from Egypt (2,900 applications, almost all of them in Greece and Bulgaria), Ukraine and Peru. In 2024, the majority of efforts in the area …
4.1.3. Examining the admissibility of an application and applying special procedures and safe country concepts
… and the Netherlands ( see Figure 4 ). In addition, the Tribunal of Naples concluded that the CJEU’s argumentation also applied to Egypt. 157 The case was invoked by the Tribunal of Rome when deliberating on transfers under the protocol between the Italian and …
Public sources
… , accessed 15 April 2026 AA (Anadolu Agency), Egyptian, Somali presidents discuss bilateral ties, security cooperation in Cairo, 8 February 2026, https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/egyptian-somali-presidents-discuss-bilateral-ties-security-cooperation-in-cairo/3824023 , accessed 17 April 2026 AA (Anadolu Agency), … https://www.dw.com/en/whats-behind-somalia-saudi-arabia-military-deal/a-75954838 , accessed 17 April 2026 DW (Deutsche Welle), Why is Egypt bolstering ties with Somalia now?, 14 February 2026, …
Annex 1: Bibliography
… , accessed 15 April 2026 AA (Anadolu Agency), Egyptian, Somali presidents discuss bilateral ties, security cooperation in Cairo, 8 February 2026, https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/egyptian-somali-presidents-discuss-bilateral-ties-security-cooperation-in-cairo/3824023 , accessed 17 April 2026 AA (Anadolu Agency), … https://www.dw.com/en/whats-behind-somalia-saudi-arabia-military-deal/a-75954838 , accessed 17 April 2026 DW (Deutsche Welle), Why is Egypt bolstering ties with Somalia now?, 14 February 2026, …
1.2.3. Updated list of main actors
… countries and the number of their troops as follows: 4 500 Uganda, 2 500 Ethiopia, 1 520 Djibouti, 1 410 Kenya, and 1 091 Egypt. 193 The mission’s funding and financial sustainability was uncertain from the start. 194 United States Africa Command … 2025. 229 KDF forces are bilaterally deployed in Lower Juba in the context of Operation Amani Boni. 230 Under a bilateral agreement Egypt may also send additional special forces, 231 while Türkiye reportedly plans to deploy 3 000 soldiers from Sadat, the private …
EU+ asylum applications down by one fifth in 2025, amid shifting geopolitical dynamics
… Germany ; Congolese, Guineans and Haitians apply mostly in France ; Venezuelans and Malians in Spain and, finally Bangladeshis, Egyptians and Peruvians in Italy . Potential impact of EU migration reforms In late February 2026, the Council adopted the first … Asylum, applications by the citizenships of the seven countries included in the list e.g., Bangladesh (37 000), Colombia (22 000), Egypt (25 000), India (9 700), Kosovo (3 700) 2 , Morocco (21 000) and Tunisia (9 000) together accounted for 16 % of all applications …
2.4. External dimension of the EU’s asylum policy
… of EUR 878 million for migration management. 61 In March 2024, a comprehensive partnership agreement was signed between the EU and Egypt covering six pillars of strategic importance. Out of a financial and investment package of EUR 7.4 billion, EUR 200 million will …
2.3. Non-State actors
… in Somalia (AUSSOM) with 12 626 authorised personnel, including 1 040 police, contributed by Uganda, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, and Egypt . By 25 April 2025, the Kampala Summit called for increasing AUSSOM troops by at least 8 000 to address Somalia’s security …
Recognition Rates
… asylum applications from nationals of these countries. The proposed list of safe countries of origin includes Bangladesh, Colombia, Egypt, India, Kosovo, Morocco and Tunisia which together accounted for 16% of all applications lodged during the first half of 2025. …
Recognition Rates
… Sudanese (60%) . Recognition rates remained very low for several high-volume citizenships, including Venezuelans, Bangladeshis and Egyptians , each at 2% . The recognition rate for Syrians remained low by historical standards, at 27% , reflecting the changed … continued to have very low recognition rates. In May 2026 , the recognition rate was 2% for Venezuelans, Bangladeshis and Egyptians. Recognition rates were also relatively low for Peruvians (4%), Moroccans (6%), Georgians (7%), Nigerians (13%), Sri Lankans … protection. Somalis continued to have a recognition rate of around 50% , while recognition rates for Venezuelans, Bangladeshis, Egyptians, Moroccans and Peruvians remained low and relatively stable. The recognition rate for Ukrainians declined from 59% in April …
Section 9. Safeguards for children and applicants with special needs
… for more than one-half of all asylum applications lodged by unaccompanied minors in 2025, namely Afghans (2,800), Eritreans (2,400), Egyptians (2,300), Somalis (2,300) and Syrians (2,100, the least on record). Previously, Syrian and Afghan unaccompanied minors topped the list, however their applications dropped sharply in 2025, as well as those by unaccompanied minors from Egypt. Conversely, applications by unaccompanied Eritrean minors almost doubled and were the most since 2015 on account of a sharp …
Recognition Rates
… that most applicants do not meet the criteria for international protection. This group includes Bangladeshis (3%), Moroccans (4%), Egyptians (3%) Peruvians (3%) and Colombians (5%), whose recognition rates remain low irrespective of where decisions are issued. A … asylum applications from nationals of these countries. The proposed list of safe countries of origin includes Bangladesh, Colombia, Egypt, India, Kosovo Kosovo mentioned without prejudice to positions on status and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ opinion on …
Section 9. Safeguards for children and applicants with special needs
… an unprecedented number of applications by unaccompanied minors. The 46% increase (3,900 applications) was primarily due to many more Egyptians. Although at lower levels, applications by unaccompanied minors increased by over a quarter in Cyprus (650 to the … sharply to their lowest level since 2019. In contrast, record numbers of applications were lodged by unaccompanied minors from Egypt (2,900 applications, almost all of them in Greece and Bulgaria), Ukraine and Peru. In addition, applications by unaccompanied …
Summary
… to pass in early 2026 would streamline the recruitment of tens of thousands of workers from countries such as India, Bangladesh and Egypt to address acute shortages in tourism, construction and agriculture, including through fast-track procedures for major projects. …
3.1. Access to territory
… 2024, the two centres in Gjader and Shengjin, initially designed to accommodate a few thousands, received only a small number of Egyptian and Bangladeshi applicants who were soon transferred to Italy. For the first group of Egyptian and Bangladeshi applicants, the Tribunal of Rome did not validate their detention orders, 85 citing the CJEU judgment in CV … do not fulfil the criteria for that designation. 86 In this case, the Italian court raised the question whether Bangladesh and Egypt could be considered as safe countries of origin despite the fact that for certain categories of people they are not considered …
1.3. Conflict layers and main developments
… and Kenya - historically engaged in Somalia - UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia, home to Somali elites patrons, but also Türkiye and Egypt, with which Somalia has signed security pacts in the course of 2024. 289 For a more detailed overview about these other layers …
Public Sources
… 23 July 2025, https://dailykashmirpost.com/eng/2025/07/23/natural-resources-and-minerals-in-ajk/ , accessed 30 March 2026 Daily News Egypt, Punjab Province in Pakistan approves first Child Protection Policy, 5 June 2025, https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2025/06/05/punjab-province-in-pakistan-approves-first-child-protection-policy/ , accessed 7 April 2026 Daily Pakistan, Seven …