General principles |
‘Outside the country of origin’: personal and territorial scope |
Refugee status: well-founded fear of persecution |
Assess whether a particular treatment would amount to persecution by considering the following.
Assess if the applicant has a well-founded fear.
- Consider all material facts that have been accepted and establish whether there was past persecution or threats thereof. - If applicable according to national practice, consider if the past persecution has been of such an atrocious character that the harm, although it would not be repeated, is deemed to be continuous. - Analyse whether the threshold of ‘well-founded (fear)’ is met (reasonable degree of likelihood). |
Refugee status: reasons for persecution | |
Examine if the persecution feared by the applicant is related to one of the following (actual or imputed) reasons.
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Religion |
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Nationality |
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Political opinion |
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Confirm that there is nexus between the (actual or imputed) characteristic and the feared persecution. |
Subsidiary protection |
Assess if there is a real risk of:
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Actors of persecution or serious harm |
Protection in the country of origin |
Actors of protection
Establish whether this actor is:
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Internal protection alternative
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