In accordance with EUAA COI methodology, a range of different published documentary sources have been consulted on relevant topics for this report. These include: COI reports by governments; information from civil society, advocacy groups, humanitarian organisations, and NGOs; international and local human rights reports; reports produced by various bodies of the United Nations; Sudanese and regionally-based media; academic publications and think tank reports and specialised sources covering Sudan. All information from these sources was consulted within time constraints and within the research constraints posed by Sudan’s challenging information-gathering environment.
In addition to using publicly available sources, oral sources were contacted and interviewed for this report. Sources were assessed for their background, publication history and current knowledge of the situation on the ground. A source who was interviewed chose to remain anonymous for security reasons. Yousra Elbagir Ahmed Abdullah, Africa Correspondent for Sky News, was interviewed on 10 December 2024. Elbagir Ahmed Abdullah has reported extensively on Sudan, including from the ground.
Regarding the maps used in the report, the administrative and humanitarian access map were borrowed from MSF and UNOCHA respectively. The map on the security situation and territorial control was developed and tailored to the needs of the report by PolGeoNow, in coordination with the EUAA.
All public and oral sources are described in Annex 1: Bibliography.