Oral sources, including anonymous sources

Local analyst, email communication, 16 April 2024. The local analyst holds expertise on the justice and security sector of Bangladesh after having monitored and reported on these issued for an international organisation for many years. The source has been anonymised for security reasons.

Zaman, Iftekhar, Executive Director of TIB (Transparency International Bangladesh), online interview, 5 April 2024. Zaman has worked for TIB since 2004, and has monitored and reported on governance, anti-corruption, people’s engagement, social accountability, politics, development, regional security and cooperation. Zaman is frequently cited in Bangladeshi media on these topics.

Public sources

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AA (Anadolu Ajansı), Bangladesh declares national mourning in memory of protest violence victims, 29 July 2024, https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/bangladesh-declares-national-mourning-in-memory-of-protest-violence-victims/3288502, accessed 27 June 2025

AA (Anadolu Ajansı), Bangladeshi students march to protest rape of girl, 9 March 2025, https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/bangladeshi-students-march-to-protest-rape-of-girl/3504507, accessed 27 June 2025

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ACLED (Armed Conflict Location and Event Data), Bangladesh’s July demonstrations are much larger and more violent than in 2018, 26 July 2024, https://acleddata.com/2024/07/26/bangladeshs-july-demonstrations-are-much-larger-and-more-violent-than-in-2018-factsheet/, accessed 27 June 2025

ADPAN (Anti-Death Penalty Asia Network), AFAD (Asian Federation Against Involuntary Disappearance), Forum-Asia, AHRC (Asian Human Rights Commission), Capital Punishment Justice Project, Fidh (International Federation for Human Rights), Eleos Justice, ICAED (International Coalition Against Enforced Disappearances), Maayer Daak, Odhikar, Robrt F. Kennedy Human Rights, OMCT (World Organisation Against Torture), Bangladesh, Government must cease enforced disappearances, stop harassment of the victims’ families and hold perpetrators accountable, 29 August 2023, available at: https://www.omct.org/site-resources/legacy/Bangladesh_Joint-StatementED_2023.pdf, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), 100 injured as Bangladesh’s student groups clash over quotas, 16 July 2024, available at: https://www.dawn.com/news/1846101, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh consensus commission fails to find agreement, 26 May 2025, https://www.arabnews.com/node/2602224/world, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh immunity order sparks fears of justice denied, 28 October 2024, available at: https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20241028-bangladesh-immunity-order-sparks-fears-of-justice-denied, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh police fire rubber bullets as students stick to their guns, 12 July 2024, available at: https://www.dawn.com/news/1845312, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh suspends job quotas after student protests, 10 July 2024, available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/bangladesh-suspends-job-quotas-after-student-protests/articleshow/111630364.cms?from=mdr, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh to hold elections in late 2025 or early 2026: Yunus, 16 December 2024, available at: https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241216-bangladesh-to-hold-elections-in-late-2025-or-early-2026-yunus, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh’s top court suspends job quotas after student protests, 11 July 2024, available at: https://www.dawn.com/news/1845086, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Bangladesh's Yunus announces elections in April 2026, 6 June 2025, available at: https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250606-bangladesh-s-yunus-announces-elections-in-april-2026, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Ethnic Minorities Missing From Census, Say Bangladesh Activists, 11 August 2022, available at: https://www.barrons.com/articles/ethnic-minorities-missing-from-census-say-bangladesh-activists-01660219508, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Explainer: What’s Behind Bangladesh’s Deadly Protests?, 31 July 2024, available at: https://www.asiapacific.ca/publication/explainer-whats-behind-bangladeshs-deadly-protests, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Religious parties seek abolition of Bangladesh women’s commission, 22 April 2025, available at: https://www.dawn.com/news/1905808/religious-parties-seek-abolition-of-bangladesh-womens-commission, accessed 7 July 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), UN chief in Rohingya refugee camp solidarity visit, 14 March 2025, available at: https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250314-un-chief-in-rohingya-refugee-camp-solidarity-visit, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Minorities fear targeted attacks in post-revolution Bangladesh, 22 December 2024, available at: https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241222-minorities-fear-targeted-attacks-in-post-revolution-bangladesh, accessed 27 June 2025

AFP (Agence France-Presse), Why are Bangladeshi students protesting?, 19 July 2024, available at: https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2024/Jul/19/why-are-bangladeshi-students-protesting, accessed 27 June 2025

AHRC (Asian Human Rights Commission) and OMCT (World Organisation Against Torture), Bangladesh: End torture and impunity, 24 June 2023, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/bangladesh-end-torture-and-impunity, accessed 27 June 2025

AHRC (Asian Human Rights Commission), Bangladesh: Government Must Bear Responsibilities if Victims of Enforced Disappearances are Harmed, 8 September 2022, http://www.humanrights.asia/news/ahrc-news/AHRC-STM-013-2022/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh, 2024, 29 April 2025, https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/asia-and-the-pacific/south-asia/bangladesh/report-bangladesh/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: Alleged extrajudicial killings in the guise of a ‘war on drugs’, 4 November 2019, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2019/11/bangladesh-killed-in-crossfire/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: End punitive mass arrests and arbitrary detention of student leaders and protesters, 29 July 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/bangladesh-end-punitive-mass-arrests-and-arbitrary-detention-of-student-leaders-and-protesters/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: Further information: Thousands of protesters arrested arbitrarily: Rony Sheikh, 9 August 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/asa13/8412/2024/en/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: Further video and photographic analysis confirm police unlawfully used lethal and less-lethal weapons against protesters, 25 July 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/bangladesh-further-video-and-photographic-analysis-confirm-police-unlawfully-used-lethal-and-less-lethal-weapons-against-protesters/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: Over 100 Indigenous People Arbitrarily Arrested: Bawm Villagers, 22 May 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/asa13/8076/2024/en/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: Witness testimony, video and photographic analysis confirm police used unlawful force against protesters, 17 July 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/bangladesh-witness-testimony-video-and-photographic-analysis-confirm-police-used-unlawful-force-against-protesters/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Death penalty, Bangladesh 2023, 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/death-penalty/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Death Sentences and Executions 2024, 8 April 2025, https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/8976/2025/en/, accessed 7 July 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Human Rights Charter – Bangladesh, 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/ASA1375592024ENGLISH.pdf, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Myanmar/Bangladesh: Rohingya community facing gravest threats since 2017, 24 October 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/10/myanmar-bangladesh-rohingya-community-facing-gravest-threats-since-2017/, accessed 27 June 2025

AI (Amnesty International), Bangladesh: Press freedom under attack with largest daily newspaper declared an 'enemy' by the Government, 14 April 2023, https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/bangladesh-press-freedom-under-attack-largest-daily-newspaper-declared-enemy, accessed 18 July 2025

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AI (Amnesty International), What is happening at the quota-reform protests in Bangladesh?, 29 July 2024, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/07/what-is-happening-at-the-quota-reform-protests-in-bangladesh/, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, ‘Gotham but no Batman’: Crime grips Bangladesh 6 months after Hasina fled, 4 March 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2025/3/4/gotham-but-no-batman-crime-wave-grips-dhaka-6-months-after-hasina-fled, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, ‘Our lives don’t matter’: Bangladeshi Hindus under attack after Hasina exit, 12 December 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/12/12/our-lives-dont-matter-in-post-hasina-bangladesh-hindus-fear-future, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, ‘We sought rights’: Bangladesh on edge after quota protest turns violent, 16 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/7/16/we-sought-rights-bangladesh-on-edge-after-quota-protest-turns-violent, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, After the bloodshed: Can Bangladesh’s Awami League resurrect itself?, 27 January 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2025/1/27/after-the-bloodshed-can-bangladeshs-awami-league-resurrect-itself, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Anti-India Sentiment grows in Bangladesh post-Hasina, with unrest, attacks, and protests escalating, [Online video], 24 December 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/2/bangladesh-court-again-rejects-bail-for-hindu-leader-charged-with-sedition, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, At least 17 dead as Bangladesh student protests over jobs intensify, 18 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/18/bangladesh-cuts-mobile-internet-as-student-protests-over-jobs-intensify, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh and the indigenous people, 10 August 2022, https://liberties.aljazeera.com/en/bangladesh-and-the-indigenous-people/, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh army announces interim government after PM Sheikh Hasina flees, 5 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/5/bangladesh-pm-hasina-quits-and-flees-as-protestors-storm-palace-reports, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh arrests four for caning, stoning woman over affair, 11 April 2023, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/11/bangladesh-arrests-four-for-caning-stoning-woman-over-affair, accessed 7 July 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh bans rallies as violent protests spiral out of control, 19 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/7/19/bangladesh-bans-rallies-as-violent-protests-spiral-out-of-control, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh chief justice agrees to resign amid new student protests, 10 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/10/bangladesh-chief-justice-agrees-to-resign-amid-new-student-protests, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh curfew eases: What’s opened, what’s still shut, 25 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/25/bangladesh-curfew-eases-whats-opened-whats-still-shut, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh ex-ministers face ‘massacre’ charges, Hasina probe deadline set, 18 November 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/11/18/bangladesh-ex-ministers-face-massacre-charges-hasina-probe-deadline-set, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh job quota protesters call for nationwide shutdown, 18 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/7/18/bangladesh-job-quota-protesters-call-for-nationwide-shutdown, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh mission in India attacked: Why are ties in freefall?, 5 December 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/12/5/bangladesh-mission-in-india-attacked-why-are-ties-in-freefall, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh plans to hold elections in late 2025 or early 2026, 16 December 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/12/16/bangladesh-plans-to-hold-elections-in-late-2025-or-early-2026, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh protesters issue demands amid shaky calm, 22 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/22/bangladesh-protesters-issue-demands-amid-shaky-calm, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh protesters torch family home of ousted PM Sheikh Hasina, 6 February 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/2/6/bangladesh-protesters-torch-family-home-of-ousted-pm-sheikh-hasina, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh protesters want Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus to lead government, 8 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/6/bangladesh-protesters-want-nobel-laureate-muhammad-yunus-to-lead-government, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh protesters, vowing to ‘guard revolution’, beat Hasina supporters, 15 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/15/bangladesh-protesters-vowing-to-guard-revolution-beat-hasina-supporters, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh restores mobile internet after 11-day blackout to quell protests, 28 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/28/bangladesh-restores-mobile-internet-after-11-day-blackout-to-quell-protests, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh shuts schools and universities after six killed in protests, 17 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/7/17/bangladesh-shuts-schools-and-universities-after-deadly-protests, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh students who deposed PM Hasina form party to fight elections, 28 February 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/2/28/bangladesh-students-who-deposed-pm-hasina-form-party-to-fight-elections, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh Supreme Court lifts ban on Jamaat-e-Islami party, 1 June 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/6/1/bangladesh-top-court-lifts-ban-on-jamaat-e-islami-countrys-largest-muslim-party, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh to investigate 2009 paramilitary mutiny massacre, 26 December 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/12/26/bangladesh-to-investigate-2009-paramilitary-mutiny-massacre, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh’s interim government lifts ban on Jamaat-e-Islami party, 28 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/28/bangladeshs-interim-government-lifts-ban-on-jamaat-e-islami-party, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh’s new outcasts: Students from ex-PM Hasina’s party now in hiding, 27 October 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/27/once-powerful-student-members-of-hasinas-party-bangladeshs-new-outcastes, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh’s Sheikh Hasina forced to resign: What happened and what’s next?, 5 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/5/bangladeshs-sheikh-hasina-forced-to-resign-what-happened-and-whats-next, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh’s Yunus promises support to Rohingya in first policy speech, 18 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/18/bangladeshs-yunus-promises-support-to-rohingya-in-first-policy-speech, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladesh’s Yunus seeks time, says election roadmap after reforms, 17 November 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/11/17/bangladeshs-yunus-seeks-time-says-election-roadmap-after-reform s, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Bangladeshis dream of a better future after Hasina ousted, 6 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/8/6/bangladeshis-dream-of-a-better-future-after-hasina-ousted, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, How Bangladesh’s ‘Gen Z’ protests brought down PM Sheikh Hasina, 7 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/longform/2024/8/7/how-bangladeshs-gen-z-protests-brought-down-pm-sheikh-hasina, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, In Bangladesh, protests are no longer about the quota system, 23 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2024/7/23/bangladesh-protests-are-no-longer-about-the-quota-system, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, More injured Rohingya arriving in Bangladesh as Myanmar war intensifies, 12 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/12/more-injured-rohingya-arriving-in-bangladesh-as-myanmar-war-intensifies, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Muhammad Yunus takes oath as head of Bangladesh’s interim government, 8 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/8/muhammad-yunus-takes-oath-as-head-of-bangladeshs-interim-government, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus to lead Bangladesh interim government, 6 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/6/nobel-laureate-yunus-to-lead-bangladesh-interim-govt-presidents-office, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Photos: Celebrations after PM Sheikh Hasina resigns, flees Bangladesh, 5 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/8/5/photos-celebrations-after-pm-sheikh-hasina-resigns-flees-bangladesh, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Police fire tear gas as Bangladesh protests against job quotas rage, 17 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/17/police-fire-tear-gas-as-bangladesh-protests-against-job-quotas-rage, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Sheikh Hasina: A critical misstep and the end of 15 years ruling Bangladesh, 5 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/5/sheikh-hasina-a-critical-misstep-and-the-end-of-15-years-of-rule, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Shot in the eyes, victims of Bangladesh protest violence face dark future, 29 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/7/29/shot-in-the-eyes-victims-of-bangladesh-protest-violence-face-dark-future, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Student protests over Bangladesh job quota leave at least 100 injured, 16 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2024/7/16/dozens-injured-in-bangladesh-clashes-as-students-protest-against-job-quotas, accessed 27 June 2025

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Al Jazeera, Timeline: The rise and fall of Bangladesh PM Sheikh Hasina, 5 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/8/5/timeline-sheikh-hasinas-reign-ends-after-15-years, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, What’s behind Bangladesh’s violent quota protests?, 16 July 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/16/whats-behind-bangladeshs-violent-quota-protests, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Why a Bangladesh mob burned down home of independence icon Mujibur Rahman, 7 February 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/2/7/why-a-bangladesh-mob-burned-down-home-of-independence-icon-mujibur-rahman, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Women’s football match cancelled in Bangladesh after religious protests, 29 January 2025, https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2025/1/29/womens-football-match-cancelled-in-bangladesh-after-religious-protests, accessed 27 June 2025

Al Jazeera, Young Bangladesh citizens direct traffic in Dhaka, 7 August 2024, https://www.aljazeera.com/program/newsfeed/2024/8/7/young-bangladesh-citizens-direct-traffic-in-dhaka, accessed 27 June 2025

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AP (Associated Press), Bangladesh’s chief justice resigns under pressure as Yunus-led interim government starts working, 12 August 2024, https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-hasina-yunus-student-protest-chief-justice-9b3f6070d35e60e5e4bd9b47d9976690, accessed 27 June 2025

AP (Associated Press), 19 more die in Bangladesh clashes as student protesters try to impose a ‘complete shutdown’, 18 July 2024, https://apnews.com/article/hasina-bangladesh-quota-student-protest-09879fc7539bc2a9daf7cdd4b2cb1776, accessed 27 June 2025

AP (Associated Press), Bangladesh court issues arrest warrant for ex-Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina over deaths of protesters, 17 October 2024, https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-sheikh-hasina-arrest-warrant-isssued-f92d56b9c9930e9c6438c141c20f4b34, accessed 27 June 2025

AP (Associated Press), Bangladesh imposes nationwide curfew as deadly protests over government jobs escalate, 19 July 2024, https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-student-protests-violence-internet-shutdown-622c6c464c47860afee293e80550c051, accessed 27 June 2025

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AP (Associated Press), Migrant workers in Malaysia seek unpaid wages from a supplier to Japanese companies, 21 May 2025, https://apnews.com/article/labor-migrants-malaysia-bangladesh-japan-749864c6c2dfc19aff8969e3882d0527, accessed 27 June 2025

AP (Associated Press), New protests in Bangladesh kill 2, keeping pressure on the government after 200 died in violence, 2 August 2024, https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-hasina-student-protests-violence-quota-06bf5f55de07d04aeb43b7b47a8b02a5, accessed 27 June 2025

AP (Associated Press), Police in Bangladesh use batons and tear gas to disperse rally by banned Islamist group, 7 March 2025, https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-rally-hizbut-tahrir-police-clases-ad016bae4a3691f7f814883f9f9c8e53, accessed 27 June 2025

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Daily Star (The), BNP leader sued for assaulting journalist in Thakurgaon, 26 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/bnp-leader-sued-assaulting-journalist-thakurgaon-3834326, 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), BNP pledges full support to 'complete shutdown', 17 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/politics/news/bnp-pledges-full-support-complete-shutdown-3659361, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), BRAC report on migrant workers: Abused, 67,199 women returned in 6 years, 8 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/brac-report-migrant-workers-abused-67199-women-returned-6-years-3889486, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Broadband internet restored in selected areas, 24 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/broadband-internet-restored-selected-areas-3660371, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Cancellation of 30pc quota for freedom fighters’ children in civil service illegal: HC, 5 June 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/youth/careers/public-service/news/cancellation-30pc-quota-freedom-fighters-children-civil-service-illegal-hc-3627436, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Case filings increase, so does backlog, 30 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/case-filings-increase-so-does-backlog-3860516, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Challenging tradition: women's inheritance laws in Bangladesh, 4 March 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/life-living/news/challenging-tradition-womens-inheritance-laws-bangladesh-3558576, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), CHT unrest: Communal violence and the politics of misrepresentation, 6 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/cht-unrest-communal-violence-and-the-politics-misrepresentation-3720396, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), CJ, 5 other SC judges resign, 11 August 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/cj-5-other-sc-judges-resign-3674021, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Columnist Nahid sued for ‘hurting religious sentiments’, 24 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/columnist-nahid-sued-hurting-religious-sentiments-3832461, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Commission for law to protect victim, witness, 13 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/commission-law-protect-victim-witness-3822841, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Count of a carnage: about 95pc killed by gunshots, 4 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/count-carnage-3668986, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Crime rates spike, 25 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/crime-rates-spike-3833016, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Crimes against humanity: Hasina, over two dozen journos sued in ICT case, 29 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/crimes-against-humanity-hasina-over-two-dozen-journos-sued-ict-case-3689551, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Crimes against humanity, genocide: Arrest warrants for Hasina, 45 others, 18 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/crimes-against-humanity-genocide-arrest-warrants-hasina-45-others-3730126, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Crony capitalism stifled investment and growth in Bangladesh, 6 November 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/crony-capitalism-stifled-investment-and-growth-bangladesh-3745431, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Ctg court denies bail to Chinmoy, 3 January 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/ctg-court-denies-bail-chinmoy-3790036, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Cultural interventions required to reform deep-rooted patriarchal norms, 27 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/anniversary-supplement-2025/reform-and-rebuild/news/cultural-interventions-required-reform-deep-rooted-patriarchal-norms-3835066, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Cyber security laws in Bangladesh: The ties that bind our past and present, 11 June 2025, https://images.thedailystar.net/law-our-rights/news/cyber-security-laws-bangladesh-the-ties-bind-our-past-and-present-3914171, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Debt, desperation and displacement, 20 September 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/debt-desperation-and-displacement-3707416, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Diliruzzaman removed as HC judge, 23 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/diliruzzaman-removed-hc-judge-3901021, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Do we really know how hundi works?, 2 March 2023, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/do-we-really-know-how-hundi-works-3260346, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Dozens injured in midnight mayhem at JU, 16 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/rights/news/dozens-injured-midnight-mayhem-ju-3658021, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Dozens of govt establishments set ablaze, 20 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/dozens-govt-establishments-set-ablaze-3660641, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Draft data law: Privacy still under threat, 22 January 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/draft-data-law-privacy-still-under-threat-3805361, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Economy grows 3.97% in FY25, slowest since pandemic year, 27 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/business/news/economy-grows-397-fy25-slowest-pandemic-year-3904676, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Eliminate gender disparities in laws, 20 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/eliminate-gender-disparities-laws-3875296, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Enact practical law to curb false, frivolous cases, 19 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/enact-practical-law-curb-false-frivolous-cases-3851776, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Enforced disappearance: Govt sets up inquiry commission, 28 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/enforced-disappearance-govt-sets-inquiry-commission-3688236, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Enforced disappearances: Commission finds 16 secret detention centres, 5 June 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/enforced-disappearances-commission-finds-16-secret-detention-centres-3911761, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Enforced disappearances: State-backed system behind it all, 16 December 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/enforced-disappearances-state-backed-system-behind-it-all-3777446, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Errant cops: Leniency lends them impunity, 4 October 2022, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/errant-cops-leniency-lends-them-impunity-3134656, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Ensure rights of women prisoners, 9 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/editorial/news/ensure-rights-women-prisoners-3820461, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Ethnic population in 2022 census: Real picture not reflected, 9 August 2022, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/ethnic-population-2022-census-real-picture-not-reflected-3090941, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Fall of Hasina regime: Over 92,000 accused, 1,474 cases, 51 days, 10 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/fall-hasina-regime-over-92000-accused-1474-cases-51-days-3724231, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Faruk's family stares at a bleak future, 30 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/lives-we-lost/news/faruks-family-stares-bleak-future-3665081, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Female-headed households rise to a decade high, 13 February 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/female-headed-households-rise-decade-high-3542981, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), For shared prosperity, formalisation of work is vital, 27 June 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/shared-prosperity-formalisation-work-vital-3642226, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Four AL leader died in Bogura jail custody in last one month, 10 December 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/four-al-leader-died-bogura-jail-custody-last-one-month-3771951, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Four more injured in clashes die in Dhaka, 26 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/rights/news/four-more-injured-clashes-die-dhaka-3662751, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Framed by AL regime, they’re in the clear now, 20 December 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/framed-al-regime-theyre-the-clear-now-3780506, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), From ‘DB office’, 6 organisers lift protest programme, 29 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/db-office-6-organisers-lift-protest-programme-3664191, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Govt finalises 5 of 6 reform commissions, 4 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/govt-finalises-5-6-reform-commissions-3719361, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Govt forms 11-member media reform commission, 18 November 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/govt-forms-11-member-media-reform-commission-3755556, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Govt forms committee to monitor harassment cases against journos, 7 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/govt-forms-committee-monitor-harassment-cases-against-journos-3722211, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Govt issues gazette lifting ban on Jamaat, Shibir, 28 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/politics/news/govt-issues-gazette-lifting-ban-jamaat-shibir-3688551, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Growing unease in the city amid crime spree, 24 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/growing-unease-the-city-amid-crime-spree-3832211, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Harassment of women in public spaces on rise, 8 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/harassment-women-public-spaces-rise-3722431, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Hasina, Quader, Shamim Osman accused in N'ganj murder case, 19 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/hasina-quader-shamim-osman-among-62-accused-murder-case-nganj-3680911, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Hasina’s regime and the systematic use of enforced disappearance, 10 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/hasinas-regime-and-the-systematic-use-enforced-disappearance-3843266, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Hastily buried in unmarked graves, 12 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/hastily-buried-unmarked-graves-3845546, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), History of the quota system in Bangladesh, 10 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/history-the-quota-system-bangladesh-3653326, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Horror engulfs Badda, Rampura as bullets fly, 20 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/horror-engulfs-badda-rampura-bullets-fly-3660691, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Houses of 2 ministers, 9 MPs come under attack, 5 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/houses-2-ministers-9-mps-come-under-attack-3669651, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), How are Indigenous people faring in the new Bangladesh?, 26 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/anniversary-supplement-2025/towards-equality/news/how-are-indigenous-people-faring-the-new-bangladesh-3832191, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), How to avoid a summer of political discontent, 8 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/how-avoid-summer-political-discontent-3865661, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Human trafficking cases: Only 1.5pc see conviction, 8 October 2022, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/human-trafficking-conviction-only-15pc-cases-3137726?fbclid=IwAR0Tj2aGO8ltGKVAQiwgL81Acm5CbbfQ7rDVhT_MEXKM9plbFux4d8Szefw, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Insecurity grips city as many police stations deserted, 7 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/insecurity-grips-city-many-police-stations-deserted-3671111, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), International Women's Day: The grim truth behind the Lalmatia GBV case, 8 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/international-womens-day-the-grim-truth-behind-the-lalmatia-gbv-case-3841926, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Journalist killed in the line of duty, 1 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/lives-we-lost/news/journalist-killed-the-line-duty-3667456, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Kaiputra: The untold story of a discriminated and excluded community, 1 June 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/kaiputra-the-untold-story-discriminated-and-excluded-community-3623836, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Khagrachhari Girl: Medical test finds evidence of rape, 4 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/khagrachhari-girl-medical-test-finds-evidence-rape-3719071, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Law protecting women, children: Advisory council clears amendments to fast-track trial, 21 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/law-protecting-women-children-advisory-council-clears-amendments-fast-track-trial-3853361, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Lynch mobs acting with impunity, 20 September 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/lynch-mobs-acting-impunity-3707346, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Migration drops by 27pc, 6 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/migration-drops-27pc-3817131, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Maj Gen Faizur Rahman made DG of DGFI, 12 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/maj-gen-faizur-rahman-made-dg-dgfi-3675381, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Make primary healthcare free for everyone, 6 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/make-primary-healthcare-free-everyone-3887171, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Making Bangladesh a world-class health hub, 26 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/anniversary-supplement-2025/towards-equality/news/making-bangladesh-world-class-health-hub-3831861, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Media reform chief decries attacks on journalists, 4 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/media-reform-chief-decries-attacks-journalists-3886416, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Migrant returnees: When dreams turn into debts, 30 December 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/migrant-returnees-when-dreams-turn-debts-3787441, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Mirpur-10, Kazipara metro stations: Mindless destruction leaves them in ruins, 21 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/mirpur-10-kazipara-metro-stations-mindless-destruction-leaves-them-ruins-3661206, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Mob attacks ex-AL MP Aziz at jail gate, 9 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/mob-attacks-ex-al-mp-aziz-jail-gate-3866951, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Mob justice is not justice, 9 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/mob-justice-not-justice-3842481, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Mob justice is not justice, 9 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/mob-justice-not-justice-3842481, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Mob violence: Causes, consequences, and pathways to justice, 11 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/mob-violence-causes-consequences-and-pathways-justice-3868831, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Narsingdi Jail Attack: How it all unfolded, 25 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/narsingdi-jail-attack-how-it-all-unfolded-3661396, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), NCTB removes 'Adivasi' graffiti from textbook after protests, 13 January 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/nctb-removes-adivasi-graffiti-textbook-after-protests-3798231, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), New textbooks will say Ziaur Rahman declared independence, 1 January 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/education/news/new-textbooks-will-say-ziaur-rahman-declared-independence-3789096, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Oppressive mechanism still there in draft law: TIB, 1 January 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/oppressive-mechanism-still-there-draft-law-tib-3789066, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Ordinary citizens’ vulnerability to custodial torture, 23 January 2023, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/the-shores-injustice/news/ordinary-citizens-vulnerability-custodial-torture-3227991, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Over 12,700 arrested in eight days, 27 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/over-12700-arrested-eight-days-3880891, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Over 48,400 arrested in one month, 20 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/over-48400-arrested-one-month-3898721, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Over 700 escaped prisoners still at large, 5 December 2025, https://tds-images.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/over-700-escaped-prisoners-still-large-3768306, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Paradoxes of terrorism in Bangladesh, 23 February 2023, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/book-review/news/paradoxes-terrorism-bangladesh-3254661, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Police block ‘March for Justice’, 1 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/police-block-march-justice-3666581, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Police clash with BRAC University students, lob tear gas shells at campus, 18 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/police-clash-brac-university-students-lob-tear-gas-shells-campus-3659511, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Police to grill Chinmoy at jail gate over assault on cops, 26 May 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/police-grill-chinmoy-jail-gate-over-assault-cops-3903911, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Political violence has to stop, 12 April 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/editorial/news/political-violence-has-stop-3869451, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Political, economic reforms led to drop in overseas migration last year, 5 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/nrb/migration/news/political-economic-reforms-led-drop-overseas-migration-last-year-3816781, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Poverty rose sharply in multiple districts in Bangladesh: BIDS study, 24 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/business/news/poverty-rose-sharply-multiple-districts-bangladesh-bids-study-3856316, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Protest organisers: 2 more in DB custody ‘for their security’, 28 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protest-organisers-2-more-db-custody-their-security-3663401, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protest organisers: 2 more in DB custody ‘for their security’, 28 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protest-organisers-2-more-db-custody-their-security-3663401, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protesters demolish Mujib’s murals, AL offices in different districts, 6 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protesters-demolish-mujibs-murals-al-offices-different-districts-3817606, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protesters take to the streets across country, 3 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protesters-take-the-streets-across-country-3668156, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protests against quota intensify, 3 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protests-against-quota-intensify-3647571, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protests against quotas: Students go for ‘Bangla Blockade’, 7 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protests-against-quotas-students-go-bangla-blockade-3650556, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Record February: remittances climb 25% to $2.52b, 3 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/business/news/record-february-remittances-climb-25-252b-3838306, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Reform recommendations: Decentralised judiciary at the core, 6 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/reform-recommendations-decentralised-judiciary-the-core-3817186, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Remittance up by $6.4b in FY25, 2 July 2025, https://images.thedailystar.net/business/news/remittance-64b-fy25-3930141, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Remittances ride formal channels to hit record $3.29b in March, 7 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/business/economy/news/remittances-ride-formal-channels-hit-record-329b-march-3865141, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Sexual violence: Protests flare on campuses, 24 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/sexual-violence-protests-flare-campuses-3831871, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Solitary confinement ‘cruel, degrading’, 14 May 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/solitary-confinement-cruel-degrading-3609211, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Thakurgaon BNP expels leader for assaulting journo, 26 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/thakurgaon-bnp-expels-leader-assaulting-journo-3834711, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), The process of getting a divorce, 5 August 2023, https://www.thedailystar.net/life-living/relationships-family/news/the-process-getting-divorce-3386976, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Too few shelters for domestic violence victims, 11 December 2022, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/editorial/news/too-few-shelters-domestic-violence-victims-3193201, accessed 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Quite now, protesters to govt, 3 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quit-now-protesters-govt-3668751, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota protest: 15 injured in attack at Barishal University, 29 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/police-chase-detain-several-protesters-ecb-chattar-3664556, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota protest: JU students bring out torch procession on campus, 12 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/rights/news/quota-protest-ju-students-bring-out-torch-procession-campus-3655316, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota protests heat up as govt mulls hard line, 12 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quota-protests-heat-govt-mulls-hard-line-3654791, accessed 8 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota protests: DB picks up three organisers from hospital, 27 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quota-protest-db-picks-three-organisers-hospital-3662776, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota Reform Demo: Protesters set to resume blockade today, 10 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quota-reform-demo-protesters-set-resume-blockade-today-3653081, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota reform protest violence: 6 killed across the country, 16 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/rights/news/quota-reform-protest-violence-6-killed-across-the-country-3658641, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota reform protests: Overall death toll today rises to 23, 18 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quota-reform-protests-across-bangladesh-3659566, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Quota system protest: Comilla University students block Dhaka-Ctg highway for 3hrs, 4 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quota-system-protest-comilla-university-students-block-dhaka-ctg-highway-3hrs-3648796, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Rab helicopter airlifts stranded cops from university rooftop, 18 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/rab-helicopter-airlifts-stranded-cops-university-rooftop-3659706, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Rab wants to shed its dark past, 13 November 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/rab-wants-shed-its-dark-past-3751511, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Recent violence: Rab arrests 290 more people, 27 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/recent-violence-rab-arrests-290-more-people-3663061, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Reforms to be recommended in 28 areas, 5 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/reforms-be-recommended-28-areas-3816301, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Reshuffle in police top order, 5 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/reshuffle-police-top-order-3839956, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Sacked army officer Ziaul arrested, 17 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/sacked-army-officer-ziaul-arrested-3679071, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Science Lab turns into battlefield, 16 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/science-lab-turns-battlefield-3658336, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Shot during protest: Many barely hanging on to life, 5 September 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/shot-during-protest-many-barely-hanging-life-3694776, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Shot during protests, they now stare at a bleak future, 23 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/shot-during-protests-they-now-stare-bleak-future-3684216, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Silence of the shrines, 23 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/silence-the-shrines-3831166, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Student killed in clash between protesters and police, AL activists, 18 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/student-killed-clash-between-protesters-and-police-al-activists-3659696, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Students block Sahahbagh intersection for an hours in protest of quota system, 2 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/students-block-shahbagh-intersection-hour-protest-quota-system-3647211, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Tales of 10 women killed in July uprising, 8 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/tales-10-women-killed-july-uprising-3842246, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Teachers' protest over pension scheme, 3 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/education/news/teachers-protest-over-pension-scheme-no-classes-exams-du-third-straight-day-3647821, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), The illusion of inclusion: Empty policies and promises for Bangladesh’s hijra community, 4 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/the-illusion-inclusion-empty-policies-and-promises-bangladeshs-hijra-community-3647996, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), The indiscriminate arrests and murder charges, 11 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/the-third-view/news/the-indiscriminate-arrests-and-murder-charges-3724986, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), The 'Razakar' back and forth: Who said what?, 15 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/the-razakar-back-and-forth-who-said-what-3657341, accessed 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), The state of witness protection in Bangladesh, 7 April 2023, https://www.thedailystar.net/law-our-rights/news/the-state-witness-protection-bangladesh-3291146, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), The twisted plight of Bangladeshi transgender community: A critical error in policymaking, 10 June 2022, https://www.thedailystar.net/views/opinion/news/the-twisted-plight-bangladeshi-transgender-community-3043841, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Timeline of student protests, 4 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/timeline-student-protests-3668996, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Torching of homes in Abhaynagar: Men flee village, women in trauma, 27 May 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/torching-homes-abhaynagar-men-flee-village-women-trauma-3904356, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Universities closed until further notice, 16 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/quota-protest-live-updates-3658146, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Vacuum looms as teachers being coerced to quit, 1 September 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/vacuum-looms-teachers-being-coerced-quit-3691301, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Violence against women jumps by 27pc in September, 1 October 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/violence-against-women-jumps-27pc-september-3716581, accessed on 7 July 2025

Daily Star (The), Violence flares in Mymensingh, Savar, N’ganj, 21 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/violence-flares-mymensingh-savar-nganj-3660376, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), When cops turn part-time robbers, 24 January 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/when-cops-turn-part-time-robbers-3526571, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), When will the revolution reach Bangladesh’s hills?, 23 January 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/views/news/when-will-the-revolution-reach-bangladeshs-hills-3806476, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Who said what?, 16 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/who-said-what-3657791, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Why can’t mob violence be contained, 6 April 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/editorial/news/why-cant-mob-violence-be-contained-3864941, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Why don’t women in Bangladesh feel safe in 2025?, 9 March 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/life-living/news/why-dont-women-bangladesh-feel-safe-2025-3843191, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Will firmly resist arson, vandalism attempts: govt, 7 February 2025, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/will-firmly-resist-arson-vandalism-attempts-govt-3817686, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Women’s role in toppling the govt, 17 August 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/weekend-read/news/womens-role-toppling-the-govt-3679151, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Yunus charts a path to reforms, 12 September 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/yunus-charts-path-reforms-3700751, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Sun, ‘Remembering Our Heroes' programme: Police pick up 12 students of Barishal University, 1 August 2024, https://www.daily-sun.com/post/760054, accessed 27 June 2024

Daily Sun, At least 8 dead, hundreds injured in clash with police in Kushtia, 6 August 2024, https://www.daily-sun.com/post/760761, accessed 27 June 2024

Daily Sun, Despite BCL cranking up violence to intimidate students, quota reformists not cowering, 16 July 2024, https://www.daily-sun.com/post/760761, accessed 27 June 2024

Daily Sun, Judges overwhelmed as case backlog soars to historic high, 26 January 2025, https://www.daily-sun.com/post/760761, accessed 27 June 2024

Daily Sun, Quota protest witnesses bloody violence, 16 July 2024, https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/757959, accessed 27 June 2024

David Bergman [X], posted on: 9 February 2025, https://x.com/TheDavidBergman/status/1888675928009494547, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, CA Yunus honours outstanding women with ‘Indomitable Women’s Award 2025’, 8 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/375706/ca-yunus-honours-outstanding-women-with, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Ex-minister Faruk Khan arrested, 15 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/361914/ex-minister-faruk-khan-arrested, accessed 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Female journalist hospitalized following gang-rape in Pallab, 19 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/376727/female-journalist-hospitalized-following-gang-rape, accessed 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Is moral policing just an excuse for violence against women?, 11 May 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/380961/is-moral-policing-just-an-excuse-for-violence, accessed 7 July 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Public univ students hold protest rallies demanding abolition of quota, 1 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/350743/public-univ-students-hold-protest-rallies, accessed 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Rakhal Raha sued for allegedly hurting religious sentiments, 3 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/375254/rakhal-raha-sued-for-allegedly-hurting-religious, accessed 7 July 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Speaker: Over 4.4m Dhaka residents living in slums, 1 October 2022, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/295086/speaker-over-4.4m-dhaka-residents-living-in-slums, accessed 7 July 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Women Affairs Reform Commission takes aim at constitution, personal laws governed by religion, 19 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/379108/women-affairs-reform-commission-takes-aim-at, accessed 7 July 2025

Dhaka Tribune, 'Kathin Chibor Dan' called off in Rangamati, Khagrachari, Bandarban over security fears, 6 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/360995/kathin-chibor-dan-called-off-in-rangamati, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, 2 KNF members killed in Bandarban, 23 May 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/crime/347279/2-knf-members-killed-in-gunfight-with-joint-forces, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 2 KNF members killed in joint forces’ drive in Bandarban, 24 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/352579/2-knf-members-killed-in-joint-forces%E2%80%99-drive-in, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 3 KNF members killed in army operation in Bandarban, 19 May 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/346935/3-knf-members-killed-in-army-operation-in, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 4 arrested for setting Tripura community houses on fire in Bandarban, 26 December 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/369170/4-arrested-for-setting-tripura-community-houses-on, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 4 killed, several injured in Rangpur clash, 4 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/353641/one-killed-in-rangpur-clash, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 6 Narsingdi Awami League leaders, activists beaten to death, 4 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/353679/6-narsingdi-awami-league-leaders-activists-beaten, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 15 Chhatra League activists allegedly thrown from six-storey building, 17 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/352371/15-chhatra-league-activists-allegedly-thrown-from, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 15 injured as Chhatra League attacks protesting students at BRUR in Rangpur, 15 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/352218/15-injured-as-chhatra-league-attacks-protesting, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 15 injured as clash erupts in Uttara, 2 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/353465/clashes-erupt-in-uttara-as-police-awami-league, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 16 injured in sporadic clashes during protest march in Khulna, 2 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/353477/16-injured-in-sporadic-clashes-during-protest, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, 26 workers still held hostage in Bandarban after two days, 17 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/373937/26-rubber-workers-still-held-hostage-in-bandarban, accessed 27 June 2024https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/349186/knf-member-found-dead-in-bandarban

Dhaka Tribune, Ambulance in BSMMU vandalized, torched as clash break out in Shahbagh, 4 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353627/clash-breaks-out-as-protesters-gather-at-shahbagh, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Anti-Quota Movement: ‘Bangla blockade’ to continue on Monday, 7 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/351351/anti-quota-movement-%E2%80%98bangla-blockade%E2%80%99-to-continue, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Anti-quota movement: Bangla Blockade to continue Thursday, 10 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351684/bangla-blockade-to-be-observed-again-thursday, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Anti-quota protest: BAU students stage demo by halting train movement, 3 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/350967/anti-quota-protests-bau-students-halt-train, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Article 19: Culture of impunity declines confidence in rule of law, 25 August 2022, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/292922/article-19-culture-of-impunity-declines, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bandarban bustling with tourists during extended Eid holiday, 2 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/377772/bandarban-bustling-with-tourists-during-the, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bandarban tourism restrictions likely to be lifted, says DC, 30 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/363629/bandarban-tourism-restrictions-likely-to-be, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bandarban travel restrictions lifted, 3 upazilas still off-limits, 6 November 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/364371/travel-restrictions-lifted-for-bandarban-three, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: Barisal University students block highway for 4hrs, 10 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/351689/bangla-blokade-barisal-university-students-block, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: DU students block Shahbagh intersection to protest quotas, 7 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/351330/bangla-blockade-du-students-block-shahbagh, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: JU students block Dhaka-Aricha highway defying police, 11 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351806/bangla-blockade-ju-students-block-dhaka-aricha, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: RU, Ruet students block Dhaka-Rajshahi highway, 10 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/351648/bangla-blockade-ru-ruet-students-block, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: Students to remain on Dhaka-Chittagong highway till 8pm, 8 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/351436/bangla-blockade-students-to-remain-on, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: Traffic halted as protesters block Science Lab, 10 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/351610/bangla-blockade-traffic-halted-as-protesters, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: Traffic halted as students block major roads in Dhaka, 8 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/351410/bangla-blockade-traffic-halted-as-students-gather, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangla Blockade: Train movement in Dhaka halted as students block rail tracks, 10 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351630/bangla-blockade-train-movement-in-dhaka-halted-as, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangladesh has one judge for 95,000 people, 30 August 2023, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/324006/bangladesh-has-one-judge-for-95-000-people, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangladesh receives historically high remittance in February, 2 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/business/economy/375208/bd-gets-4th-highest-remittance-history-in-feb, accessed 7 July 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Bangladesh’s climate refugees: A crisis rooted in colonial and policy failures, 20 June 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/business/economy/375208/bd-gets-4th-highest-remittance-history-in-feb, accessed 7 July 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Barisal University students block highway protesting quota reinstatement, 2 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/350841/barisal-university-students-block-highway, accessed 27 June 2024

Dhaka Tribune, Begum Rokeya University students protest for quota reforms, 14 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/352057/begum-rokeya-university-students-protest-for-quota, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Black Night: Chhatra League men attack JU protesters at VC’s residence, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352239/dozens-of-quota-reform-protesters-injured-in-night, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, BNP to take stricter stance against misdeeds of leaders and activists, 23 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/politics/376988/bnp-to-take-stricter-stance-against-misdeeds-of, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Case filed over bus robbery on Dhaka-Tangail highway, 21 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/374337/case-filed-over-robbery-on-dhaka-tangail-highway, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Chhatra League takes control of DU campus after clashes, 15 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352187/chhatra-league-takes-control-of-du-campus-after, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Chhatra League: Prepared to face those trying to politicise quota protests, 11 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351734/quota-protests-chhatra-league-urges-students-to, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Chittagong's Sholoshahar turns turbulent over quota reform protest, 15 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/352180/sholoshahar-becomes-turbulent-for-quota-movement, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Clash in Uttara leaves police box, 2 buses vandalized, 18 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/352477/clash-in-uttara-leaves-police-box-2-buses, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Crammed Jails – Not anymore, 8 January 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/370231/crammed-jails-%E2%80%93-not-anymore, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Dhaka police to take action against road blockades, 11 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/351736/dhaka-police-to-take-action-against-road-blockades, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Dhaka Tribune female journo assaulted in Dhanmondi, 4 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353638/dhaka-tribune-female-journo-assaulted-in-dhanmondi, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Disturbing August 5 footage reveals police piling bodies onto van in Savar, 31 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/356794/disturbing-august-5-footage-reveals-police-piling, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, DMP: Police to enter DU upon university administration’s request, 15 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352184/dmp-police-to-enter-du-upon-university, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Dorm rooms of DU Chhatra League president, general secretary vandalized, 17 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/352367/dorm-rooms-of-du-chhatra-league-president-general, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Ethnic minority students hold protest in Bandarban over Khagrachhari violence, 20 September 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/359093/indigenous-students-rally-in-bandarban-over, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Ex-minister Narayan Chandra Chanda detained while fleeing to India, 6 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/361017/ex-minister-narayan-chandra-chanda-detained-while, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Ex-NSI director Monirul on 3-day remand, 10 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/361494/ex-nsi-director-monirul-granted-three-day-remand, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Five Bangladeshis return from Libya, 21 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/374353/five-bangladeshis-return-from-libya, accessed 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Five CU students freed a week after abduction in CHT, 24 April 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/379565/five-cu-students-freed-a-week-after-abduction-in, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Four killed, hundreds injured in Uttara clashes, 18 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352503/four-killed-hundreds-injured-in-uttara-clashes, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Govt files leave to appeal against High Court verdict on quota system, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/352276/govt-files-leave-to-appeal-against-high-court, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Govt to launch '3333' shortcode service to combat violence against women, 11 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/375990/govt-to-launch-3333-shortcode-service-to-combat, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Home Minister urges city mayors to ensure traffic police rest, 1 February 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/338371/home-minister-urges-city-mayors-to-ensure-traffic, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, How the prison break in Narsingdi unfolded, 25 July 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/352682/how-the-prison-break-in-narsingdi-unfolded, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, ICT Chief Prosecutor: Verdicts will halt Awami League leaders' outbursts, 24 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/374664/chief-prosecutor-some-verdicts-will-halt-awami, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, IGP: Women make up over 8% of police force, 30 November 2022, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/299442/igp-women-make-up-over-8%25-of-police-force, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Interim report of inquiry on enforced disappearance reveals alarming patterns, 15 December 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/368151/interim-report-of-inquiry-on-enforced, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Judicial Reform Commission proposes permanent, merit-based attorney service, 5 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/372903/how-the-judicial-reforms-commission-seeks-reform, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Judiciary Reform Commission to focus on reducing litigation costs, disposing piled-up cases, 8 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/361204/judiciary-reform-commission-to-focus-on-reducing, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, July Revolution: Armed attackers who disrupted movement remain at large in Barisal, 26 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/363242/july-uprising-terrorists-spotted-carrying, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Khagrachhari police officer sent to jail in rape case, 12 October 2023, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/327758/rape-case, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, KNF armed wing member killed in raid in Bandarban, 22 April 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/344635/kna-member-killed-in-drive-by-joint-force, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, KNF member found dead in Bandarban, 12 June 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/349186/knf-member-found-dead-in-bandarban, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, KNF: Where does it get its funding and what is its endgame?, 22 February 2023, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/305410/knf-where-does-it-get-its-funding-and-what-is-its, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Labour Reform Commission urges legal overhaul for inclusive worker rights, 21 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/laws-rights/379278/labour-reform-commission-urges-legal-overhaul-for, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Legal notice seeks allowance, separate educational institutions for hijras, 5 July 2023, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/314883/legal-notice-seeks-allowance-separate-educational, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Major reshuffle in Army top brass, 14 October 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/361876/major-reshuffle-in-army-top-brass, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Media Reform Commission proposes structural changes to Bangladesh’s media landscape, 22 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/376962/media-reform-commission-proposes-structural, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Miscreants torch 17 Tripura homes in Bandarban over land dispute, 25 December 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/369119/17-houses-burned-in-hill-village-by-miscreants-in, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names, 2 April 2018, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Murder case filed over death of Bhabesh Chandra Roy in Dinajpur, 21 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/379288/murder-case-filed-over-death-of-bhabesh-chandra, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Mymensingh mosque welcomes hijra community, 29 March 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/342973/mymensingh-mosque-welcomes-hijra-community, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Nationwide ‘March for Justice’ protests escalate amid clashes and arrests, 1 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353287/nationwide-%E2%80%98march-for-justice%E2%80%99-protests-escalate, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, New RAB, DMP chiefs appointed, 7 April 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353944/new-rab-dmp-chiefs-appointed, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Our law enforcement is getting better, but it must do more, 23 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/editorial/379429/our-law-enforcement-is-getting-better-but-it-must, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Paris-based Bangladeshi writer Pinaki Bhattacharya sued under DSA, 17 November 2022, https://www.dhakatribune.com/world/europe/298427/paris-based-bangladeshi-writer-pinaki-bhattacharya, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Police Headquarters launches hotline to prevent violence against women, 10 March 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/375910/police-headquarters-launches-hotline-to-prevent, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Public Admin Reform Commission recommends cutting down ministries, reorganization of divisions, 5 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/372901/key-recommendations-of-the-public-service-reform, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, PM Hasina rejects anti-quota demands, calls movement unjustified, 7 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351297/pm-hasina-rejects-anti-quota-movement-protestors, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, PM Hasina rejects anti-quota demands, calls movement unjustified, 7 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351297/pm-hasina-rejects-anti-quota-movement-protestors, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, President tells police: Do not harass people on streets, 28 February 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/340570/president-urges-police-not-to-harass-people-on, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Probe reveals deliberate internet blackout to suppress quota reform movement, 13 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/354596/btrc-ntmc-behind-internet-shutdown-palak-issued, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Probe reveals deliberate internet blackout to suppress quota reform movement, 13 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/354596/btrc-ntmc-behind-internet-shutdown-palak-issued, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Protesters declare 'Total non-cooperation movement' from Sunday, 2 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353484/students-declare-total-non-cooperation-movement, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Protesters, police, Awami League clash in Uttara's Azampur, 4 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/353632/student-movement-protesters-gather-in-uttara, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Protests against quota: Students block Shahbagh for 2nd day, 3 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/350961/protest-against-quota-students-block-shahbagh-for, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Protests, rallies held in Mirpur, 2 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353478/protests-rallies-held-in-mirpur, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Public Admin Reform Commission recommends cutting down ministries, reorganization of divisions, 5 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/372901/key-recommendations-of-the-public-service-reform, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Public univ students hold protest rallies demanding abolition of quota, 1 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/350743/public-univ-students-hold-protest-rallies, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protests against quota intensify, 3 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protests-against-quota-intensify-3647571, accessed on 27 June 2025

Daily Star (The), Protests against quotas: Students go for ‘Bangla Blockade’, 7 July 2024, https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/protests-against-quotas-students-go-bangla-blockade-3650556, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: Protesters announce Bangla Blockade Dhaka Tribune, Public univ students hold protest rallies demanding abolition of quota, 1 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/350743/public-univ-students-hold-protest-rallies, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: 3 students injured in Tangail clash, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352320/traffic-resumes-on-dhaka-tangail-highway-after, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: Another killed in Science Lab area clash, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352329/quota-movement-another-killed-in-science-lab-area, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: BGB deployed in parts of Bangladesh, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352305/quota-movement-bgb-deployed-in-parts-of, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: JU students block highway for 2nd day, 3 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/350965/quota-movement-ju-students-block-dhaka-aricha, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: Protesters announce Bangla Blockade on Sunday, 6 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/351251/quota-movement-protesters-announce-bangla, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: Students leave Shahbagh declaring to continue program, 2 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/353472/quota-movement-students-leave-shahbagh-declaring, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota movement: Sust students block Sylhet-Sunamganj road, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352325/quota-movement-sust-students-block, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reform leaders voice support for pro-quota protests, 7 October 2018, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/157592/quota-reform-leaders-voice-support-for-pro-quota, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reform: 3 killed in Chittagong Chhatra League-protester clash, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352295/quota-reform-2-killed-in-chittagong-chhatra, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reform: Clash erupts at RU, 17 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/352453/quota-reform-police-protesters-clash-at-ru, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reform: Clashes erupt in Badda, other Dhaka areas, 18 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/352468/quota-reform-protesters-police-clash-in-badda, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reinstatement JU students block Dhaka-Aricha highway, 4 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351031/quota-reinstatement-ju-students-block, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reinstatement: Student dies amid clash in Savar, 18 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/352526/quota-reinstatement-student-dies-amid-clash-in, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota reinstatement: University students announce class, exam boycott, 4 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351097/quota-reinstatement-university-students-announce, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Quota vs merit in govt jobs: Who passed the exams?, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/education/352229/quota-vs-merit-in-govt-jobs-who-passed-the-exams, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Rezaul Karim Mallik becomes new DB chief, 1 September 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/356860/rezaul-karim-mallik-becomes-new-db-chief, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, RU students block Dhaka-Rajshahi highway, 29 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/353004/ru-students-block-dhaka-rajshahi-highway, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Salman F Rahman, Anisul Huq arrested in Dhaka, 13 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/354644/salman-f-rahman-and-anisul-huq-arrested-in-dhaka, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Sheikh Mujib's mural demolished in Sylhet, 6 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/372936/sheikh-mujib-s-mural-demolished-in-sylhet, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Students gather at DU to protest PM’s quota movement comment, 15 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/352152/rival-rallies-at-du-after-pm-s-quota-comments, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Students suspend Bangla Blockade in Science Lab, 11 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/351775/students-suspend-bangla-blockade-in-science-lab, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Supreme Court judges to be appointed through independent council, 21 January 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/371462/judges-in-higher-courts-to-be-appointed-through, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Survivors of the extreme, 11 November 2023, https://www.dhakatribune.com/tribune-z/330693/survivors-of-the-extreme, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, The harsh reality of the Bangladesh court and trial system, 7 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/longform/378059/the-harsh-reality-of-the-bangladesh-court-and, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Top court upholds HC verdict reinstating FF quota in govt jobs, 4 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/351021/top-court-upholds-hc-verdict-reinstating-quota-in, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Travel ban relaxed for tourists in Thanchi, 22 June 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/349956/travel-ban-relax-for-tourists-in-thanchi, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Two KNF members detained in military operation in Bandarban, 27 January 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/372046/two-knf-members-detained-in-military-operation-in, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Violent clashes at Rokeya University leave student dead, dozens injured, 16 July 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/352279/rangpur-student-killed-during-quota-reform-protest, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, What is Operation Devil Hunt?, 9 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/373261/what-is-operation-devil-hunt, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Who are they? Hijra, third gender, transgender?, 28 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/356357/who-are-they-hijra-third-gender-transgender, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Why did unarmed policemen have to die brutally?, 2 August 2024, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/crime/353288/why-did-unarmed-policemen-have-to-die-brutally, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Women's Affairs Reform Commission submits report to Dr Yunus, 19 April 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/379082/women-s-affairs-reform-commission-submits-report, accessed on 27 June 2025

Dhaka Tribune, Yunus-led National Consensus Commission to start work on Saturday, 13 February 2025, https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/government-affairs/373597/yunus-to-lead-newly-formed-national-consensus, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), A majority of Bangladeshi Netizens Show Red Card to Government’s Mourning Decision, 31 July 2024, https://thediplomat.com/2024/07/a-majority-of-bangladeshi-netizens-shows-red-card-to-governments-mourning-decision/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), Bangladesh Carnage: The Facts that Belie the Government Narrative, 1 August 2024, https://thediplomat.com/2024/08/bangladesh-carnage-the-facts-that-belie-the-government-narrative/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), Bangladesh Women Rise up Against Increasing Incidents of Rape, 25 March 2025, https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/bangladesh-women-rise-up-against-increasing-incidents-of-rape/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), Clashes Erupt in Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts, 23 September 2024, https://thediplomat.com/2024/09/clashes-erupt-in-bangladeshs-chittagong-hill-tracts/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), Crime Wave Sweeps Post-Hasina Bangladesh, 3 March 2025, https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/crime-wave-sweeps-post-hasina-bangladesh/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), Kuki-Chin Refugees From Bangladesh Take Shelter in Mizoram, 22 November 2022, https://thediplomat.com/2022/11/kuki-chin-refugees-from-bangladesh-take-shelter-in-mizoram/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), Terrorism in Bangladesh: Political Manipulation, Ideological Roots, and Western Influence, 15 February 2025, https://thediplomat.com/2025/02/terrorism-in-bangladesh-political-manipulation-ideological-roots-and-western-influence/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Diplomat (The), The Bangladesh Awami League: From Dominance to a Legitimacy Crisis, 7 February 2025, https://thediplomat.com/2025/02/the-bangladesh-awami-league-from-dominance-to-a-legitimacy-crisis/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Duque, Maria Camila, Climate Change in Bangladesh Shapes Internal Migration and Movement to India, Migration Policy Institute, 4 September 2024, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/bangladesh-india-climate-migration, accessed on 7 July 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), 'Death squad': Inside Bangladesh's Rapid Action Battalion, 4 March 2023, https://www.dw.com/en/death-squad-inside-bangladeshs-rapid-action-battalion/a-65209010, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh communal tensions grow amid Hindu protests, 29 November 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-communal-tensions-grow-amid-hindu-protests/a-70920418, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh PM vows justice for 6 killed in student protests, 17 July 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-pm-vows-justice-for-6-killed-in-student-protests/a-69684473, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh protests: What's next after court cuts quotas?, 22 July 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-protests-whats-next-after-court-cuts-quotas/a-69734790, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh to accept cuts to job quotas after ruling, 23 July 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-to-accept-cuts-to-job-quotas-after-ruling/a-69738488, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Are human rights eroding under Muhammad Yunus?, 30 December 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-are-human-rights-eroding-under-muhammad-yunus/a-71185927, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Are Islamist parties growing in influence?, 25 October 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-are-islamist-parties-growing-in-influence/a-70601471, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Can interim government contain latest unrest?, 11 February 2025, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-crisis-extremism-interim-government-sheikh-hasina/a-71573937, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Hindu monk suspected of sedition denied bail, 2 January 2025, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-hindu-monk-suspected-of-sedition-denied-bail/a-71204094, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Is the interim government delaying elections?, 27 August 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-is-the-interim-government-delaying-elections/a-70060968, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Journalists supportive of ex-PM Hasina targeted, 14 October 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-journalists-supportive-of-ex-pm-hasina-targeted/a-70490836, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Protest leaders held 'for their own security', 27 July 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-protest-leaders-held-for-their-own-security/a-69775790, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: Protesters set light to state broadcaster, 18 July 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-protesters-set-light-to-state-broadcaster/a-69700479, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladesh: What does the ban of Sheikh Hasina's party mean?, 12 May 2025, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-what-does-the-ban-of-sheikh-hasinas-party-mean/a-72515899, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Bangladeshi Islamists protest women's rights proposal, 3 May 2025, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladeshi-islamists-protest-womens-rights-proposal/a-72425960, 7 July 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Can Bangladesh police rebuild trust after violent protests?, 21 September 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/can-bangladesh-police-rebuild-trust-after-violent-protests/video-70286895, accessed on 27 June 2025

DW (Deutsche Welle), Dhaka protesters defy curfew after worst unrest in decades, 20 July 2024, https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-sees-toughest-civil-unrest-in-decades/a-69720385, accessed on 27 June 2025

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Erasing 76 Crimes, Academic in Bangladesh barred from teaching in response to anti-gay protesters, 28 October 2024, https://76crimes.com/2024/10/28/academic-in-bangladesh-barred-from-teaching-after-anti-gay-protest/, accessed on 27 June 2025

Erasing 76 Crimes, Anti-gay Bangladesh group seeks ban on LGBT rights activist, 11 July 2023, https://76crimes.com/2023/07/11/anti-gay-bangladesh-group-seeks-ban-on-lgbt-rights-activist/, accessed on 27 June 2025

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