Annual training report 2025

Information on content themes is available in the Annex.

EUAA training was used to complement national training modules. The Agency supported EU+ countries in setting up and delivering national training sessions using European Asylum Curriculum modules. National sessions were organised autonomously by the national administrations and delivered by their national trainers, who have been trained using the EUAA’s train-the-trainer methodology.

19 EU+ countries delivered 403 national training sessions in the context of permanent support. Three out of four national training sessions were delivered by five EU+ countries: Germany (111 sessions), the Netherlands (95), Belgium (34), Finland (30) and Sweden (28). In total, 6 659 learners completed national training on EUAA modules and tailor-made courses in 2025, accounting for 9 791 participations, representing a 137 % increase compared with 2024.

On average, 17 learners completed each national training session. In total, 31 EUAA contents were delivered through national training sessions in the context of permanent support. More than half of all participations were recorded in the two most attended contents: ‘The asylum procedure in the ‘Pact on Migration and Asylum’ (4 098 participations; 42 %) and ‘The new Asylum and Migration Management Regulation (AMMR)’ (1 435 participations; 15 %). This was followed by ‘Inclusion’ (679 participations; 7 %) and ‘Interviewing vulnerable persons’ (547 participations; 6 %).

In total, 403 sessions were delivered in 10 languages. English was the most frequently used language (51 % of sessions), followed by German (25 %), French (9 %), Dutch (8 %) and Czech (4 %).

Approximately 68% of training sessions were delivered in a blended format, combining an online and face-to-face components (276 sessions). Fully online self-paced sessions accounted for 25 % (101 sessions), while a smaller share (26 sessions; 6 %) followed an online and webinar format. Although representing only a quarter of sessions, fully online self-paced delivery generated 67 % of all participations.

Training content for caseworkers was delivered by 12 EU+ countries, with the largest number of participations recorded in Germany (4 868). Other countries with notable participations included the Netherlands (500), Belgium (152), Sweden (163), Finland (133) and France (84).

Trainings on the Dublin and AMMR theme were also delivered predominantly in Germany, which accounted for more than 80 % of participations. Additional participation was recorded in Austria (52), France (36), Czechia (35) and Sweden (31).

Foundation training content theme was most attended in Czechia (277 participations), followed by Finland (171), Poland (108), Greece (67) and Slovakia (21).

National training on vulnerability content was delivered by nine EU+ countries, with the highest participation recorded in Germany (147) and the Netherlands (84), followed by Austria (38), Greece (28), Sweden (21), Finland (12), Ireland (12), Belgium (9) and France (2).

Training on reception-related content was delivered by five EU+ countries (Belgium, Czechia, France, Austria and Sweden), with the majority of participations recorded in Czechia (87).

The exclusion and end of protection content theme was delivered by five countries, notably Sweden (85 participations), Finland (40), Luxembourg (25), Slovakia (19) and France (1).

In addition, COI and MedCOI content theme was delivered in eight EU+ countries, while interpretation-related content was delivered in two countries. Germany was the only EU+ country to deliver national training sessions on EUAA on registration-related content.

In 2025, training delivered in the context of operational support covered a broad range of EUAA curriculum themes. Foundation content accounted for the largest share of participations (6 415), representing 36 % of all participations, and highlighting the continued need to provide induction training for newly recruited asylum and reception officials working under operational plans.

More specialised training areas included exclusion and end of protection (261), trainer horizontal content (146), COI and MedCOI (113) and manager-related theme (101). Training on resettlement accounted for a small number of participations (8), reflecting the more limited scope of these activities within operational support. In addition, tailor-made content theme accounted for 2 209 participations, addressing specific operational needs identified in the framework of EUAA operational plans.

In 2025, under the operational support framework, vulnerability-related training content was the most geographically widespread, with participations recorded under 10 operational plans. The foundation theme also demonstrated strong geographical coverage, with learners from nine operational plans, recording the highest number of participations overall (6 415). This was followed by reception- and interpretation-related content, delivered under eight operational plans, accounting for 2 693 participations for reception theme and 717 for interpretation.

Training content on the caseworker, Dublin and AMMR, and registration themes each reached seven operational plans, recording 1 856, 1 029 and 449 participations, respectively. Training on the exclusion and end of protection, trainer horizontal, COI and MedCOI, and manager themes was recorded under five operational plans, together accounting for 621 participations. Resettlement-related content demonstrated a more limited geographical reach, with learners from four operational plans and eight participations recorded.

In 2025, the EUAA’s training activities in Belgium demonstrated notable growth compared with 2024. A total of 608 participations were recorded across all sessions under the Belgium Operational Plan in 2025, representing a marked increase from the 452 participations in the previous year. Overall participant satisfaction remained high at 88.9 %, reflecting continued positive engagement with the training offerings and the relevance of the topics covered to the national context. Onboarding and induction activities remained central to EUAA training in Belgium, with participation at 68 learners and a satisfaction rate of 96.9 %. This underscores the importance of foundational orientation for new staff.

A clear shift in focus towards legislative and policy-oriented training emerged in Belgium in 2025, in preparation for the entry into application of the Pact. ‘The asylum procedure in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, ‘Vulnerability in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’ and ‘The Reception Conditions Directive in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’ collectively engaged 145 participants, representing nearly one quarter of all participations in 2025. At the same time, other sessions – such as the modules ‘Introduction to vulnerability’ and ‘Introduction to communication for asylum and reception practitioners’ – also drew substantial participation, highlighting the importance of core operational skills alongside legislative preparation. The complementary modules ‘Ethical and professional standards’ and ‘Introduction to the legal framework for fundamental rights and international protection in the EU’ supported personnel in maintaining a solid understanding of essential procedures and professional responsibilities.

Participation levels and satisfaction rates indicate that training was well received, with all sessions reporting satisfaction rates above 84 % and a large number achieving rates above 90 %. This consistency demonstrates the continuing relevance and effectiveness of EUAA training in Belgium, supporting officials in undertaking their duties in asylum and reception effectively. Specialised modules, including ‘Interpreting in the reception context’, ‘Professional well-being’ and ‘Conflict management and mediation in reception’, further contributed to enhancing staff readiness and confidence in handling complex operational tasks.

Overall, EUAA training delivered in 2025 under the framework of the Belgium Operational Plan combined induction, practical skills and thematic content. The high levels of participation and satisfaction suggest that training effectively supported staff in navigating their roles.

In Cyprus, a diverse range of training modules were delivered under the framework of the operational plan in 2025, with a total of 1 375 participations and an overall satisfaction rate of 88.2 %. The training combined thematic, operational and legislative components.

The most widely attended sessions focused on operational skills and communication, with the modules ‘Introduction to ethical and professional standards’ and ‘Introduction to communication for asylum and reception practitioners’ together accounting for nearly a quarter (23.3 %) of all participations in Cyprus in 2025. These sessions highlighted the importance of ensuring that staff are well equipped to carry out their core duties in reception and asylum procedures, and both achieved satisfaction rates of 89 %.

Training in preparation for the Pact remained a key focus, with tailor-made sessions including ‘The asylum procedure in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, ‘Vulnerability in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, ‘The Reception Conditions Directive in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, and ‘The new Asylum and Migration Management Regulation (AMMR)’. More specialised training was offered in areas such as ‘Interpreting in the asylum context’, ‘Working with an interpreter’ and ‘Introduction to reception’, covering key practical aspects including case handling.

Overall, EUAA training in Cyprus in 2025 effectively responded to operational and legislative priorities. By combining core training with sessions on emerging legislative developments and targeted operational priorities, EUAA training helped officials prepare for current and emerging challenges.

The EUAA delivered a significant volume of training in Italy in 2025 under the framework of the Operational Plan, with 5 982 participations and a satisfaction rate of 88.3 %. As in other Member States, training addressed both operational needs and evolving legislative developments, particularly with a view to the upcoming entry into application of the Pact.

Training activities covered both foundational and specialised topics, supporting staff working in asylum processing, reception, and operational coordination. The most widely attended sessions focused on vulnerability and legislative developments related to the Pact. For instance, the module on ‘Introduction to vulnerability’ recorded the highest participation, reflecting the continued importance of strengthening the identification and support of applicants with specific needs. High levels of participation were also recorded for tailor-made sessions addressing key elements of the new legislative framework, including ‘The Reception Conditions Directive in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, ‘Vulnerability in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, ‘The Asylum Procedure in the Pact on Migration and Asylum’, and ‘The new Asylum and Migration Management Regulation (AMMR)’. These sessions supported national authorities in preparing for upcoming changes to EU asylum and migration legislation and their operational implications. Taken together, these sessions accounted for more than one quarter of all participations under the Italy Operational Plan in 2025.

Additional tailor-made sessions addressed operational needs linked to EUAA activities in the field. These included specialised training designed for personnel working in EUAA operations, such as pre-deployment induction training and training on topics such as ‘Introduction to the Screening Regulation’ and ‘Communication in emergencies.’

Overall, EUAA training delivered under the Italy Operational Plan in 2025 combined legislative, operational and thematic components, enabling asylum and reception officials to consolidate knowledge and skills across multiple operational areas. The consistently high satisfaction rates, along with the high levels of engagement, indicate that EUAA training effectively met operational needs.

EUAA training delivered under the framework of the Romania Operational Plan accounted for a total of 372 participations in 2025, with an overall satisfaction rate of 91.6 %, indicating strong engagement and positive feedback from learners.

EUAA training in Romania placed a clear emphasis on vulnerability-related topics, which attracted the highest levels of participation. For instance, the module ‘Introduction to vulnerability’ was the most attended session, with 61 learners and a satisfaction rate of 93.1 %. In addition, several tailor-made sessions addressed specialised protection themes and evolving legal developments. For instance, ‘Slavery and severe human exploitation as persecution’ and ‘Introduction to the Screening Regulation’ both attracted substantial participation and recorded satisfaction rates above 94 %. In parallel, training on vulnerability in the Pact supported staff in strengthening their understanding of vulnerability considerations in light of the Pact’s forthcoming application. The module ‘Introduction to the legal framework on fundamental rights and international protection in the EU’ further contributed to reinforcing knowledge of the broader legal context underpinning asylum procedures.

More specialised training was offered in areas such as ‘Gender, gender identity and sexual orientation’, ‘Inclusion’, ‘Asylum interview method’, ‘Interpreting in the asylum context’ and ‘Conflict management and mediation in reception’. These sessions supported staff in managing a variety of procedural, communication and operational challenges.

Overall, EUAA training delivered in Romania in 2025 combined thematic, operational and legislative elements. The consistently high satisfaction rates suggest that the training was very well received.